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<p>In this work, solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBE) was developed into films by using 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2HEC) as a polymer host and doped with different weight percentages (wt.%) of ammonium bromide (NH<sub>4</sub>Br). The 2HEC-NH<sub>4</sub>Br SBE films were limited to only 30 wt.% salt composition before the SBE became physically unstable. The 2HEC-NH<sub>4</sub>Br SBE films were analyzed through several characterizations: electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). EIS analysis shows that the highest conductivity achieved was 3.95 × 10<sup>−5</sup> Scm<sup>−1</sup> for a sample with 20 wt.% of NH<sub>4</sub>Br composition. The amorphous and semi-crystalline structures were determined through XRD, with the highest conducting sample exhibiting the semi-crystalline structure, consistent with changes in the sample’s optical appearance. The amorphous nature was further confirmed through analysis of the DSC curve. FTIR analysis confirmed the interaction between NH<sub>4</sub>Br and 2HEC occurred at the -OH group of 2HEC. A comparative analysis of ionic conductivity across studies sheds light on several contributing factors such as glass transition temperature and lattice energy that affect SBE performance.</p>

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Structural study of 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2HEC) solid biopolymer electrolyte doped with NH4Br: effect on ionic conductivity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月28日

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  • M. N. Faeqah,
  • M. I. H. Sohaimy,
  • N. H. Ahmad,
  • M. Muthuvinayagam,
  • M. I. N. Isa

摘要

In this work, solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBE) was developed into films by using 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2HEC) as a polymer host and doped with different weight percentages (wt.%) of ammonium bromide (NH4Br). The 2HEC-NH4Br SBE films were limited to only 30 wt.% salt composition before the SBE became physically unstable. The 2HEC-NH4Br SBE films were analyzed through several characterizations: electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). EIS analysis shows that the highest conductivity achieved was 3.95 × 10−5 Scm−1 for a sample with 20 wt.% of NH4Br composition. The amorphous and semi-crystalline structures were determined through XRD, with the highest conducting sample exhibiting the semi-crystalline structure, consistent with changes in the sample’s optical appearance. The amorphous nature was further confirmed through analysis of the DSC curve. FTIR analysis confirmed the interaction between NH4Br and 2HEC occurred at the -OH group of 2HEC. A comparative analysis of ionic conductivity across studies sheds light on several contributing factors such as glass transition temperature and lattice energy that affect SBE performance.