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<p>This paper investigates the effect of the deposit potential (<i>V</i><sub>dep</sub>) on some properties of electrodeposited CuBi<sub>2</sub>O₄ (CBO) thin films. This was demonstrated with three samples, noted CBO<sub>11</sub>, CBO<sub>12</sub> and CBO<sub>13</sub>, deposited at <i>V</i><sub>1</sub> =  − 1100&#xa0;mV, <i>V</i><sub>2</sub> =  − 1200&#xa0;mV, and <i>V</i><sub>3</sub> =  − 1300&#xa0;mV/SCE, respectively. Analyses based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy have confirmed the formation of the tetragonal spinel-structure of CuBi₂O₄ with some structural change occurring as the <i>V</i><sub>dep</sub> increases. Indeed, XRD peaks at 20.8°, 23°, and 33.3°, as well as the Raman vibration modes at 123&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup> and 257&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup>, characteristics of the CuBi₂O₄ tetragonal phase, were clearly marked in the obtained spectra. This impact was also reflected at the morphological scale, since both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) combined with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) revealed an increase in the compactness and surface density of the film as the negative potential increased, whereas the latter revealed spherical particles with an average size of around 123&#xa0;nm. Moreover, the analysis indicates that the grains are organized in regularly spaced patterns with a spacing of approximately 3.19&#xa0;Å, corresponding to the crystallographic plane (211), which is compatible with the crystalline form obtained by XRD. The optical behavior of the samples was assessed by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, revealing a strong absorption of visible light, well justified by their black color. In addition, when the potential is varied from − 1.1 to − 1.3&#xa0;V/SCE, the optical gap, associated with a direct transition, decreases from 1.33&#xa0;eV to 1.28&#xa0;eV, which justifies the morphological and structural changes observed.</p>

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Influence of electrodeposition potential on the structural and optical properties of CuBi₂O₄ thin films for solar applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月19日

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  • Y. Nejmi,
  • M. El Bouji,
  • M. Oubakalla,
  • M. Beraich,
  • I. Boudene,
  • A. El-Habib,
  • A. Zarrouk,
  • M. Fahoume

摘要

This paper investigates the effect of the deposit potential (Vdep) on some properties of electrodeposited CuBi2O₄ (CBO) thin films. This was demonstrated with three samples, noted CBO11, CBO12 and CBO13, deposited at V1 =  − 1100 mV, V2 =  − 1200 mV, and V3 =  − 1300 mV/SCE, respectively. Analyses based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy have confirmed the formation of the tetragonal spinel-structure of CuBi₂O₄ with some structural change occurring as the Vdep increases. Indeed, XRD peaks at 20.8°, 23°, and 33.3°, as well as the Raman vibration modes at 123 cm−1 and 257 cm−1, characteristics of the CuBi₂O₄ tetragonal phase, were clearly marked in the obtained spectra. This impact was also reflected at the morphological scale, since both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) combined with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) revealed an increase in the compactness and surface density of the film as the negative potential increased, whereas the latter revealed spherical particles with an average size of around 123 nm. Moreover, the analysis indicates that the grains are organized in regularly spaced patterns with a spacing of approximately 3.19 Å, corresponding to the crystallographic plane (211), which is compatible with the crystalline form obtained by XRD. The optical behavior of the samples was assessed by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, revealing a strong absorption of visible light, well justified by their black color. In addition, when the potential is varied from − 1.1 to − 1.3 V/SCE, the optical gap, associated with a direct transition, decreases from 1.33 eV to 1.28 eV, which justifies the morphological and structural changes observed.