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<p>The increasing environmental burden posed by synthetic dyes and electronic waste demands innovative, sustainable solutions. In this work, we present a green and efficient advanced oxidation process (AOP) employing cobalt ions recovered from spent Li-ion battery (LIB) cathodes to catalyze the degradation of methylene blue (MB), a model organic pollutant. The Co<sup>2</sup>⁺/HCO₃⁻/H₂O₂ system enabled complete decolorization of a 10&#xa0;ppm&#xa0;MB solution within 10&#xa0;min under mild conditions (pH ~ 8.35), with kinetic analysis revealing pseudo-zero-order behavior in MB and half-order dependence on Co<sup>2</sup>⁺, HCO₃⁻, and H₂O₂. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the [Co(CO₃)₃]<sup>3</sup>⁻ complex, while electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) revealed demethylated intermediates and smaller fragments, suggesting progressive mineralization. Mechanistic insights indicate the predominant formation of carbonate radicals (•CO₃⁻), as supported by isopropanol scavenging experiments. This study highlights the dual environmental benefit of cobalt recovery and wastewater treatment, offering a sustainable pathway for the valorization of electronic waste and the mitigation of textile dye pollution.</p>

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Degradation of methylene blue via H₂O₂/HCO₃⁻/Co2⁺ system using cobalt recovered from spent Li-ion batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月12日

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  • Eric M. Garcia,
  • Hosane A. Taroco,
  • Júlio O. F. Melo,
  • Patrícia A. Rocha,
  • Roseli M. Balestra,
  • Cristiane G. Taroco,
  • Honória F. Gorgulho

摘要

The increasing environmental burden posed by synthetic dyes and electronic waste demands innovative, sustainable solutions. In this work, we present a green and efficient advanced oxidation process (AOP) employing cobalt ions recovered from spent Li-ion battery (LIB) cathodes to catalyze the degradation of methylene blue (MB), a model organic pollutant. The Co2⁺/HCO₃⁻/H₂O₂ system enabled complete decolorization of a 10 ppm MB solution within 10 min under mild conditions (pH ~ 8.35), with kinetic analysis revealing pseudo-zero-order behavior in MB and half-order dependence on Co2⁺, HCO₃⁻, and H₂O₂. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the [Co(CO₃)₃]3⁻ complex, while electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) revealed demethylated intermediates and smaller fragments, suggesting progressive mineralization. Mechanistic insights indicate the predominant formation of carbonate radicals (•CO₃⁻), as supported by isopropanol scavenging experiments. This study highlights the dual environmental benefit of cobalt recovery and wastewater treatment, offering a sustainable pathway for the valorization of electronic waste and the mitigation of textile dye pollution.