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<p>This study investigates the linear instability of thermohaline convection in a rotating, anisotropic porous layer saturated with a zero-order Kelvin–Voigt (or Navier–Stokes–Voigt) fluid. The flow in the porous medium is described by the Darcy–Brinkman model with Kelvin–Voigt regularization. The simultaneous presence of thermal, solutal, and rotational gradients renders the system effectively triple diffusive, with these three mechanisms jointly regulating buoyancy and momentum transport. Analytical conditions for the onset of both stationary and oscillatory convection are derived. The Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic parameter leaves the stationary threshold unchanged but exerts a strong influence on oscillatory modes, acting either to stabilize or destabilize depending on the relative strengths of solutal buoyancy. Two novel features emerge from the analysis: (i) the appearance of disconnected, closed oscillatory neutral curves lying below the stationary branch, leading to multivalued instability thresholds that require three thermal Darcy–Rayleigh numbers for complete characterization; and (ii) parameter regimes in which rotation and a stabilizing solute gradient combine to destabilize oscillatory convection, in contrast to their generally stabilizing influence on the onset of instability. These findings offer new insight into thermo-solutal-rotational interactions in a Navier–Stokes–Voigt fluid-saturated porous medium and suggest potential pathways for manipulating transport in geophysical, filtration, and thermal-management applications.</p>

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Thermohaline convection of a Kelvin–Voigt fluid in a rotating anisotropic Darcy–Brinkman porous medium

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • K. R. Raghunatha,
  • C. Pragathi,
  • Sangamesh,
  • I. S. Shivakumara

摘要

This study investigates the linear instability of thermohaline convection in a rotating, anisotropic porous layer saturated with a zero-order Kelvin–Voigt (or Navier–Stokes–Voigt) fluid. The flow in the porous medium is described by the Darcy–Brinkman model with Kelvin–Voigt regularization. The simultaneous presence of thermal, solutal, and rotational gradients renders the system effectively triple diffusive, with these three mechanisms jointly regulating buoyancy and momentum transport. Analytical conditions for the onset of both stationary and oscillatory convection are derived. The Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic parameter leaves the stationary threshold unchanged but exerts a strong influence on oscillatory modes, acting either to stabilize or destabilize depending on the relative strengths of solutal buoyancy. Two novel features emerge from the analysis: (i) the appearance of disconnected, closed oscillatory neutral curves lying below the stationary branch, leading to multivalued instability thresholds that require three thermal Darcy–Rayleigh numbers for complete characterization; and (ii) parameter regimes in which rotation and a stabilizing solute gradient combine to destabilize oscillatory convection, in contrast to their generally stabilizing influence on the onset of instability. These findings offer new insight into thermo-solutal-rotational interactions in a Navier–Stokes–Voigt fluid-saturated porous medium and suggest potential pathways for manipulating transport in geophysical, filtration, and thermal-management applications.