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Background <p>Health literacy and self-efficacy promote quality of life and preventive health care in vulnerable groups. The model project <i>bergauf</i> targets long-term unemployed women living alone with health impairments and examines the influence of health literacy and self-efficacy on health-related planning behaviour. In addition, a&#xa0;quantitative cross-sectional analysis compares a&#xa0;rehabilitation group and a&#xa0;prevention group with German national reference values.</p> Methods <p>Self-efficacy and health literacy were measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (ASKU) and the Health Literacy Scale (HLS-EU). Planning behaviour was assessed by the ability to process, appraise, and translate health-related information into actions. Additionally, item-specific <i>t</i>-tests were conducted against national average values; HLS items were categorised by demand levels (access, understand, appraise, apply) and by difficulty classes. The sample comprises up to 124&#xa0;participants from Wuppertal, Remscheid, and Solingen; voluntary participation led to varying case numbers per item.</p> Results <p>Associations were found between self-efficacy, health literacy, and aspects of health-related planning behaviour. The prevention group more frequently showed challenges in “accessing” and “understanding”, whereas the rehabilitation group less often deviated significantly from the national average value in “applying”. No deviations were observed for very difficult HLS items. Notably, perceived self-efficacy was higher in the rehabilitation group; a&#xa0;knowledge–action gap is apparent, particularly in translating abstract information into practical, everyday steps.</p> Conclusion <p>Tailored, empowerment-oriented programs are needed to strengthen health literacy and planning behaviour among vulnerable women. Practical recommendations include low-threshold communication, navigation services, planning training, and cooperative structures linking medicine, social services, and job centres.</p>

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Health Literacy und Selbstwirksamkeit: Schlüssel zur Lebensqualität

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Stefan Kohlhof

摘要

Background

Health literacy and self-efficacy promote quality of life and preventive health care in vulnerable groups. The model project bergauf targets long-term unemployed women living alone with health impairments and examines the influence of health literacy and self-efficacy on health-related planning behaviour. In addition, a quantitative cross-sectional analysis compares a rehabilitation group and a prevention group with German national reference values.

Methods

Self-efficacy and health literacy were measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (ASKU) and the Health Literacy Scale (HLS-EU). Planning behaviour was assessed by the ability to process, appraise, and translate health-related information into actions. Additionally, item-specific t-tests were conducted against national average values; HLS items were categorised by demand levels (access, understand, appraise, apply) and by difficulty classes. The sample comprises up to 124 participants from Wuppertal, Remscheid, and Solingen; voluntary participation led to varying case numbers per item.

Results

Associations were found between self-efficacy, health literacy, and aspects of health-related planning behaviour. The prevention group more frequently showed challenges in “accessing” and “understanding”, whereas the rehabilitation group less often deviated significantly from the national average value in “applying”. No deviations were observed for very difficult HLS items. Notably, perceived self-efficacy was higher in the rehabilitation group; a knowledge–action gap is apparent, particularly in translating abstract information into practical, everyday steps.

Conclusion

Tailored, empowerment-oriented programs are needed to strengthen health literacy and planning behaviour among vulnerable women. Practical recommendations include low-threshold communication, navigation services, planning training, and cooperative structures linking medicine, social services, and job centres.