Patronus: patient-specific training setup for aortic aneurysm repair

期刊论文
发表日期：

2026年6月3日

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Henry John Krumb,
Bernhard Dorweiler,
Anirban Mukhopadhyay

摘要

Purpose:

Surgical training for Aortic Repair (EVAR) on simulators holds the potential to reduce radiation of the X-ray-guided procedure. Precision and realism of training simulators increases significantly with the use of patient-specific phantoms. However, radiation-free setups utilizing 3D-printed anatomies lack realistic imaging.

Method:

We propose PATRONUS, a hardware and software prototype for patient-specific, radiation-free surgical training for EVAR. 3D printed, transparent phantoms are imaged inside a black box which is accessed from the outside. Pseudo X-rays are generated through reconstructed radiographs, which are enhanced by virtual catheters and contrast agent.

Results:

Our prototype demonstrates a complete pipeline including a 3D printing workflow, phantom preparation, online registration of phantoms to the patient CT and pseudo X-ray generation. We report an average registration error (RMSE) of the scene inside the simulator to the digital twin of ${9.30}\,\hbox {mm}$ $9.30 mm$ . The entire simulator pipeline takes ${1.059}\,\hbox {s}$ $1.059 s$ to execute per image.

Conclusion:

State-of-the-art techniques for scene understanding and 3D printing enable the transition from simulated interventions on 3D printed vascular phantoms under cameras to a digital twin representation in the CT regime. The PATRONUS simulator prototype thus provides a foundation for radiation-free, realistic endovascular surgical training with patient-specific phantoms.