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<p><i>Dickeya solani</i> is an aggressive bacterial pathogen that causes blackleg and soft-rot in potatoes across Europe and Russia. It causes yield losses of 25–31% in severely affected areas, with annual economic damage in Europe estimated at around €46 million. Northwestern Europe is a hotspot, and Israel is the most affected region outside Europe. Outbreaks recur in cycles of emergence, decline, and re-emergence, driven by temperature and moisture, regulatory flexibility, and not rapid pathogen evolution. These patterns underscore the importance of latent persistence, environmental factors, and human agricultural practices, which complicate traditional disease control methods. This review summarizes current knowledge of the cyclical epidemiology and its growing economic impact. A narrative literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed studies indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar from 2000–2025. The review emphasized pathogen distribution, population genetics, environmental regulation of virulence, host–pathogen interactions, and agricultural practices, with a particular focus on Europe and Russia. Evidence indicates that <i>Dickeya solani</i> populations are genetically uniform yet phenotypically diverse, with virulence largely governed by flexible regulatory networks responsive to temperature, moisture, and host stress. The pathogen persists in seed tubers, soils, irrigation water, and storage facilities, enabling silent dissemination through seed trade. Climate variability, particularly rising temperatures and increased moisture, frequently increases virulence, whereas intensive farming systems sustain and spread inoculum. Cyclical re-emergence, therefore, reflects interactions among regulatory plasticity, environmental thresholds, and human practices. Effective long-term management requires shifting from symptom-based responses to integrated strategies that incorporate sensitive diagnostics, strengthened seed certification, environmental risk forecasting, and adaptive agronomic management.</p>

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Emergence and Re-emergence of Dickeya solani: Cyclical Dynamics and Underlying Drivers in Europe and Russia (a Review)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月15日

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  • Riad Saidu Koroma,
  • Francess Sia Saquee,
  • Dooshima Rita Dugeri,
  • Elena Pakina,
  • Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ignatov

摘要

Dickeya solani is an aggressive bacterial pathogen that causes blackleg and soft-rot in potatoes across Europe and Russia. It causes yield losses of 25–31% in severely affected areas, with annual economic damage in Europe estimated at around €46 million. Northwestern Europe is a hotspot, and Israel is the most affected region outside Europe. Outbreaks recur in cycles of emergence, decline, and re-emergence, driven by temperature and moisture, regulatory flexibility, and not rapid pathogen evolution. These patterns underscore the importance of latent persistence, environmental factors, and human agricultural practices, which complicate traditional disease control methods. This review summarizes current knowledge of the cyclical epidemiology and its growing economic impact. A narrative literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed studies indexed in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar from 2000–2025. The review emphasized pathogen distribution, population genetics, environmental regulation of virulence, host–pathogen interactions, and agricultural practices, with a particular focus on Europe and Russia. Evidence indicates that Dickeya solani populations are genetically uniform yet phenotypically diverse, with virulence largely governed by flexible regulatory networks responsive to temperature, moisture, and host stress. The pathogen persists in seed tubers, soils, irrigation water, and storage facilities, enabling silent dissemination through seed trade. Climate variability, particularly rising temperatures and increased moisture, frequently increases virulence, whereas intensive farming systems sustain and spread inoculum. Cyclical re-emergence, therefore, reflects interactions among regulatory plasticity, environmental thresholds, and human practices. Effective long-term management requires shifting from symptom-based responses to integrated strategies that incorporate sensitive diagnostics, strengthened seed certification, environmental risk forecasting, and adaptive agronomic management.