Energy Consumption Pattern and GHG Emissions in Potato Cultivation in Northern Regions of India
摘要
The agricultural sector is heavily reliant on energy, which has led to increased energy consumption in modern farming practices. It is crucial to find a balance between energy usage and availability to ensure that production is not negatively impacted. The intricate connection between energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in potato production systems still lacks comprehensive understanding. This study investigates the energy consumption pattern and carbon gas emissions in Jalandhar, Punjab, India, to gain a better understanding of this relationship. Potato cultivation had an average energy input of 64,609.68 MJ ha−1 and an output of 57,476.69 MJ ha−1. Diesel and chemical fertilizer applications contributed the most to energy input at 35.96% and 32.32% respectively. The average net energy was –7132.99 MJ ha−1. The highest mean GHG emission stood at 63.91 kg CO2 eq ha−1, with fertilizer following at 20.4 kg CO2 eq ha−1. The calculations yielded average values of 0.90 for energy use efficiency, 4.15 MJ kg−1 for specific energy, and 0.25 kg MJ−1 for energy productivity. The study also revealed that the average indirect energy contribution was 19.58 MJ ha−1, surpassing direct energy at 13.83 MJ ha−1. Additionally, renewable resources were surpassed by non-renewable energy usage, with a rate of 21.54 MJ ha−1 compared to 11.79 MJ ha−1.