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<p>In practice, late planting of spring potatoes is commonly adopted to accommodate the harvest of previous crops in the rotation sequence and mitigate natural disasters. However, this practice exposes the plants to high-temperature conditions during the later growth phase, resulting in diminished tuber yield and quality. To avert these adverse effects, we investigated the effectiveness of foliar spraying with four plant growth regulators (PGRs)—diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DTA-6), uniconazole (S3307), abscisic acid (S-ABA), and salicylic acid (SA)—in mitigating heat stress. Field and pot experiments used&#xa0;the heat-resistant cultivar Zhongshu Zao45 (ZZ45) and the heat-susceptible cultivar Yunshu 902 (Y902), with normal planting (CK1) and late planting without PGRs (CK2) serving as controls. The results showed that PGR application improved agronomic traits: it inhibited excessive growth of aboveground parts, increased the root-shoot ratio, promoted dry matter accumulation in underground organs, and reduced the leaf area index. Physiologically, PGRs enhanced leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and net photosynthesis rate, while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents, indicating alleviated heat stress damage. At harvest, PGRs increased total yield and improved tuber quality by raising starch, ascorbic acid, and protein contents, while lowering reducing sugar levels. Cultivar-specific responses were evident, with&#xa0;S-ABA being most effective for ZZ45 and S3307 for Y902. A&#xa0;follow-up pot experiment simulating heat stress showed that both S-ABA and S3307 increased antioxidant enzyme&#xa0;activity and balanced endogenous hormone&#xa0;levels. In summary, foliar spraying with PGRs is a viable agronomic strategy to enhance heat stress resilience in late-planted potatoes, ensuring stable yields and improved quality.</p>

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Foliar Spraying with Plant Growth Regulators Mitigate Heat Stress in Late-Planted Potatoes: Enhancing Morpho-physiological Traits, Yield, and Quality

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Chao Wu,
  • Wensen Huang,
  • Xiaoting Fang,
  • Haiyan Ma,
  • Wenwen Song,
  • Kaiqin Zhang,
  • Zhitong Ren,
  • Muhammad Amir Shahzad,
  • Juanjuan Liu,
  • Cuiqin Yang,
  • Shunlin Zheng

摘要

In practice, late planting of spring potatoes is commonly adopted to accommodate the harvest of previous crops in the rotation sequence and mitigate natural disasters. However, this practice exposes the plants to high-temperature conditions during the later growth phase, resulting in diminished tuber yield and quality. To avert these adverse effects, we investigated the effectiveness of foliar spraying with four plant growth regulators (PGRs)—diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DTA-6), uniconazole (S3307), abscisic acid (S-ABA), and salicylic acid (SA)—in mitigating heat stress. Field and pot experiments used the heat-resistant cultivar Zhongshu Zao45 (ZZ45) and the heat-susceptible cultivar Yunshu 902 (Y902), with normal planting (CK1) and late planting without PGRs (CK2) serving as controls. The results showed that PGR application improved agronomic traits: it inhibited excessive growth of aboveground parts, increased the root-shoot ratio, promoted dry matter accumulation in underground organs, and reduced the leaf area index. Physiologically, PGRs enhanced leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) and net photosynthesis rate, while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents, indicating alleviated heat stress damage. At harvest, PGRs increased total yield and improved tuber quality by raising starch, ascorbic acid, and protein contents, while lowering reducing sugar levels. Cultivar-specific responses were evident, with S-ABA being most effective for ZZ45 and S3307 for Y902. A follow-up pot experiment simulating heat stress showed that both S-ABA and S3307 increased antioxidant enzyme activity and balanced endogenous hormone levels. In summary, foliar spraying with PGRs is a viable agronomic strategy to enhance heat stress resilience in late-planted potatoes, ensuring stable yields and improved quality.