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<p>Timely and accurate heart sound detection is essential for early screening of cardiovascular diseases. Traditional stethoscope-based methods are constrained by time, location, and human factors. Considering the reasonable cost, portability, and accuracy of heart sound detection, this study designs and implements a hardware prototype for a portable home-use heart sound detection device based on a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sensor and an ESP32 microcontroller (weighing 115&#xa0;g with a power consumption of 0.42W). The device is capable of heart sound signal collection, conditioning, and wireless transmission. The device’s effectiveness and stability were validated through waveform comparison experiments (demonstrating high consistency with the HKY-06C device), heart rate calculation (with an error of ± 2&#xa0;bpm), Radio Frequency (RF) performance testing, and noise level assessment. This device can effectively reduce medical costs, improve diagnostic efficiency, and enable efficient screening and early warning of cardiovascular health for populations in medically underserved areas by providing high-precision data support for remote diagnostics or the application of intelligent recognition models.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Prototype design and realization of a portable heart sounds detection system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Suyi Li,
  • Zexu Xiao

摘要

Timely and accurate heart sound detection is essential for early screening of cardiovascular diseases. Traditional stethoscope-based methods are constrained by time, location, and human factors. Considering the reasonable cost, portability, and accuracy of heart sound detection, this study designs and implements a hardware prototype for a portable home-use heart sound detection device based on a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) sensor and an ESP32 microcontroller (weighing 115 g with a power consumption of 0.42W). The device is capable of heart sound signal collection, conditioning, and wireless transmission. The device’s effectiveness and stability were validated through waveform comparison experiments (demonstrating high consistency with the HKY-06C device), heart rate calculation (with an error of ± 2 bpm), Radio Frequency (RF) performance testing, and noise level assessment. This device can effectively reduce medical costs, improve diagnostic efficiency, and enable efficient screening and early warning of cardiovascular health for populations in medically underserved areas by providing high-precision data support for remote diagnostics or the application of intelligent recognition models.

Graphical abstract