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<p>Starch has been blended with other biopolymers to obtain novel functionalities. Pectin is widely used to protect and control the release of active compounds. Both materials can be used to protect probiotics from extreme conditions in the digestive system while providing prebiotic functionality. Single-wall systems often exhibit poor stability and limited protection under gastrointestinal conditions. To address this limitation, this study aimed to develop a dual-wall core shell system by coating retrograded Hylon VII starch (RetS) microparticles with pectin (P). In the first stage, RetS: P systems at different proportions (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0), were evaluated based on their physicochemical and structural properties using SEM, rheology, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and TGA. SEM analysis showed evidence of a RetS coating in the 50:50 and 25:75 blends, while FTIR and TGA results confirmed the predominance of P features as its proportion increased. Based on the coating effect observed by SEM, FTIR, and TGA, the 50RetS:50P system was selected for probiotic encapsulation, aiming to provide a matrix with adequate pectin to generate an effective coating while preserving its potential synbiotic functionality. In the second stage, the performance of the selected system was evaluated using <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> GG (LGG). Probiotic viability under simulated in vitro digestion conditions was determined at days 0 and 30 of storage at 4&#xa0;°C. The core shell system achieved an encapsulation efficiency of 70.14 ± 0.43% and preserved LGG viability at 7.73 ± 0.22 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/g after storage. However, compared with the 100RetS:0P control, which showed better probiotic recovery after digestion, the 50RetS:50P system suggested a potential limitation in probiotic release. This behavior indicates that, although pectin effectively coated the porous RetS matrix to enhance protection, the resulting compact structure hindered cell release under the conditions used for quantification. These findings demonstrate that RetS:P dual-wall systems are promising materials for probiotic protection, combining structural functionality with potential synbiotic effects, although their release behavior requires further investigation. Clinical trial number: not applicable.</p>

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Double Wall Material Using Pectin and Hylon VII Starch to Protect Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG During Storage and Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Karen Oropeza-Zamora,
  • Gonzalo Velazquez,
  • Regina Hernandez-Gama,
  • Ernesto Hernandez Hernandez,
  • Perla Osorio-Diaz,
  • Eduardo Morales Sanchez,
  • Guadalupe Mendez-Montealvo

摘要

Starch has been blended with other biopolymers to obtain novel functionalities. Pectin is widely used to protect and control the release of active compounds. Both materials can be used to protect probiotics from extreme conditions in the digestive system while providing prebiotic functionality. Single-wall systems often exhibit poor stability and limited protection under gastrointestinal conditions. To address this limitation, this study aimed to develop a dual-wall core shell system by coating retrograded Hylon VII starch (RetS) microparticles with pectin (P). In the first stage, RetS: P systems at different proportions (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0), were evaluated based on their physicochemical and structural properties using SEM, rheology, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and TGA. SEM analysis showed evidence of a RetS coating in the 50:50 and 25:75 blends, while FTIR and TGA results confirmed the predominance of P features as its proportion increased. Based on the coating effect observed by SEM, FTIR, and TGA, the 50RetS:50P system was selected for probiotic encapsulation, aiming to provide a matrix with adequate pectin to generate an effective coating while preserving its potential synbiotic functionality. In the second stage, the performance of the selected system was evaluated using Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Probiotic viability under simulated in vitro digestion conditions was determined at days 0 and 30 of storage at 4 °C. The core shell system achieved an encapsulation efficiency of 70.14 ± 0.43% and preserved LGG viability at 7.73 ± 0.22 log10 CFU/g after storage. However, compared with the 100RetS:0P control, which showed better probiotic recovery after digestion, the 50RetS:50P system suggested a potential limitation in probiotic release. This behavior indicates that, although pectin effectively coated the porous RetS matrix to enhance protection, the resulting compact structure hindered cell release under the conditions used for quantification. These findings demonstrate that RetS:P dual-wall systems are promising materials for probiotic protection, combining structural functionality with potential synbiotic effects, although their release behavior requires further investigation. Clinical trial number: not applicable.