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<p>Informal care is the primary long-term care source for older Chinese adults. This study aims to examine the bidirectional longitudinal relationship between social participation and subjective well-being among older Chinese adults across care-intensity trajectories. Using (2011, 2014, 2018) longitudinal data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, we fitted cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs). We identified care-intensity trajectories via group-based modeling and re-estimated CLPMs by trajectory. Two trajectories emerged: stable low intensity (78.82%) and increasing intensity (21.18%). Overall, social participation (2011) predicted subjective&#xa0;well-being (2014), and subjective&#xa0;well-being (2014) predicted social participation (2018). In the increasing-intensity group, only social participation (2014) predicted subjective well-being (2018), while other paths were non-significant. The stable low-intensity group mirrored the overall pattern. The longitudinal relationship between social participation and subjective well-being is stage-specific and context-dependent. With rising care needs, social participation is especially protective for later well-being, supporting prioritization of participation.</p>

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The Longitudinal Relationship Between Social Participation and Subjective Well-Being Among Chinese Older Adults: Do Informal Care Intensity Trajectories Matter?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Manman Peng,
  • Pengfei Wang,
  • Yinkai Zhang

摘要

Informal care is the primary long-term care source for older Chinese adults. This study aims to examine the bidirectional longitudinal relationship between social participation and subjective well-being among older Chinese adults across care-intensity trajectories. Using (2011, 2014, 2018) longitudinal data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, we fitted cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs). We identified care-intensity trajectories via group-based modeling and re-estimated CLPMs by trajectory. Two trajectories emerged: stable low intensity (78.82%) and increasing intensity (21.18%). Overall, social participation (2011) predicted subjective well-being (2014), and subjective well-being (2014) predicted social participation (2018). In the increasing-intensity group, only social participation (2014) predicted subjective well-being (2018), while other paths were non-significant. The stable low-intensity group mirrored the overall pattern. The longitudinal relationship between social participation and subjective well-being is stage-specific and context-dependent. With rising care needs, social participation is especially protective for later well-being, supporting prioritization of participation.