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<p>Controlling and moreover knowing the temperature induced by thermoplasmonics is important for many applications in biology, chemistry and physics. Here, for the same sample with a high density of gold nanoparticles (NPs), two different laser illumination regimes were used, continuous wave (cw) and femtosecond (fs) pulses, to control heat generation. With cw laser illumination, collective heat-generating effects dominate, while with fs pulses illumination, heat remains confined to individual NPs. These two effects were experimentally observed using the same thermopolymerizable formulation acting as a thermal probe, on a macroscopic scale for cw illumination and on a nanometric scale for fs pulses illumination. This effective control of temperature generation by thermoplasmonics will enable the generation of hybrid NPs combining temperature-responsive materials at different scales.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>The laser illumination regime, cw or fs pulses, provides control over heat generation by collective or confined effect in each NP for the same dense gold sample. Both modes of heat generation can be observed by thermopolymerization.</p> <p></p>

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Controlled Polymerization at Macroscale and Nanoscale Through Thermoplasmonics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Céline Molinaro,
  • Amine Khitous,
  • Mathieu Bastide,
  • Olivier Soppera

摘要

Controlling and moreover knowing the temperature induced by thermoplasmonics is important for many applications in biology, chemistry and physics. Here, for the same sample with a high density of gold nanoparticles (NPs), two different laser illumination regimes were used, continuous wave (cw) and femtosecond (fs) pulses, to control heat generation. With cw laser illumination, collective heat-generating effects dominate, while with fs pulses illumination, heat remains confined to individual NPs. These two effects were experimentally observed using the same thermopolymerizable formulation acting as a thermal probe, on a macroscopic scale for cw illumination and on a nanometric scale for fs pulses illumination. This effective control of temperature generation by thermoplasmonics will enable the generation of hybrid NPs combining temperature-responsive materials at different scales.

Graphical Abstract

The laser illumination regime, cw or fs pulses, provides control over heat generation by collective or confined effect in each NP for the same dense gold sample. Both modes of heat generation can be observed by thermopolymerization.