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<p>This study presents kinds of Kretschmann-configured surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors employing copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and black phosphorus (BP) for the detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB) in human blood plasma, with the goal of enabling early diagnosis and reducing tuberculosis (TB)-related mortality. The performance of the proposed sensors is analyzed using the transfer matrix method in conjunction with the angular interrogation technique at a wavelength of 632.8&#xa0;nm. The SPR angle of healthy blood plasma differs from that of plasma infected with MTB. The proposed biosensor operates by quantifying the shift in the SPR angle, enabling the identification of different stages of MTB infection. Initially, SPR biosensors with monometallic layers are investigated and optimized by employing prism coupling with varying refractive indices and systematically tuning metal layer thicknesses. Building on this, bimetallic layer architectures are explored using a CaF<sub>2</sub> prism, focusing on two stacking sequences: Cu/Ni and Ni/Cu. Subsequently, BP capping layers are incorporated into both bimetallic configurations. For the Cu/Ni configuration, BP capping does not improve sensitivity but significantly increases the figure of merit (FoM), reaching an ultrahigh value of 20,210 /RIU after optimization, with a moderate sensitivity of 117°/RIU. In the case of the Ni/Cu configuration, the integration of BP enhances the overall performance of the biosensor, achieving a high sensitivity of 576°/RIU and a high FoM of 303/RIU. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed BP-capped bimetallic SPR biosensors as competitive platforms for MTB detection.</p>

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High-Performance Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Based on Copper, Nickel, and Black Phosphorus for Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Xing Huang,
  • Yinying Peng,
  • Yong Wang,
  • Liwei Zhang

摘要

This study presents kinds of Kretschmann-configured surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors employing copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and black phosphorus (BP) for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in human blood plasma, with the goal of enabling early diagnosis and reducing tuberculosis (TB)-related mortality. The performance of the proposed sensors is analyzed using the transfer matrix method in conjunction with the angular interrogation technique at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. The SPR angle of healthy blood plasma differs from that of plasma infected with MTB. The proposed biosensor operates by quantifying the shift in the SPR angle, enabling the identification of different stages of MTB infection. Initially, SPR biosensors with monometallic layers are investigated and optimized by employing prism coupling with varying refractive indices and systematically tuning metal layer thicknesses. Building on this, bimetallic layer architectures are explored using a CaF2 prism, focusing on two stacking sequences: Cu/Ni and Ni/Cu. Subsequently, BP capping layers are incorporated into both bimetallic configurations. For the Cu/Ni configuration, BP capping does not improve sensitivity but significantly increases the figure of merit (FoM), reaching an ultrahigh value of 20,210 /RIU after optimization, with a moderate sensitivity of 117°/RIU. In the case of the Ni/Cu configuration, the integration of BP enhances the overall performance of the biosensor, achieving a high sensitivity of 576°/RIU and a high FoM of 303/RIU. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed BP-capped bimetallic SPR biosensors as competitive platforms for MTB detection.