Portable and Miniaturized Optical Surface Plasmon Resonance Systems: Progress in Label-Free Detection for On-Site and Real-Time Sensing
摘要
One of the most prominent methods for identifying an interaction between chemicals is surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which is appreciated for its capability of measuring in real-time, without labels, and with great sensitivity. This strategy is useful in a variety of fields, including medical, environmental research, and food science. Because of the large size, cost, and complicated laboratory setup SPR systems require, their use has always been confined to very controlled settings. Researchers currently work toward overcoming these challenges by designing portable devices to make SPR technologies easier to access. These smaller systems provide numerous benefits, including less expensive, easier to operate, and more convenient where tests can be done at the site or point of care. With the progress of miniaturized optics, cheap materials, integration of microfluidics, and wireless technologies, portable SPR is becoming a realistic option for immediate analysis on site. Some of the devices are even smartphone compatible or battery operated, enabling use in remote or resource limited settings. Advances in nanomaterials, 3D printing, and artificial intelligence (AI) data processing techniques have accelerated their performance and usability. In this review, we discuss advancements in portable SPR technology, paving the way for real-world applications beyond lab settings, through exploration of recent design trends, materials, and functionality, we highlight how portable SPR devices are paving the path for innovative uses in rapid, accurate, and convenient sensing in campaigns and diagnostics in various fields.