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<p>This work provides a comprehensive account of the synthesis and characterization of core–shell nanoparticles by the utilization of the laser ablation in liquid technique. A Nd:YAG laser was utilized to synthesize Au@WO<sub>3</sub> core–shell nanoparticles at a laser fluence of 19.10 J/cm<sup>2</sup> and 1200 laser pulses, employing laser wavelengths of 1064 nm and 532 nm. The results of the UV–VIS spectrum showed absorption peaks at wavelengths range 250 to 550 nm. It has been determined that the WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles and the surface plasmon resonance of the Au nanoparticles are responsible for the absorption peaks obtained from the experiment. The absorbance of the Au@WO<sub>3</sub> core–shell nanoparticles was seen to rise with a decrease in laser wavelength. However, the bandgap energy values showed a slight decrease from 3.17 to 3.0 eV as a consequence of decreasing laser wavelength. Strong peaks centered at wavelengths of 362 nm and 372 nm are observed in the PL with increasing the prepared intensities of the prepared nanoparticles due to decreasing the laser wavelength. The XRD study verifies the existence of Au and WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles. Diffraction peaks are observed at 2<i>θ</i> = 38.1°, 44.3°, 64.5°, and 77.5°. The spectrum of Raman indicates that the vibrational modes of Au@WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles are situated at 716 and 958 cm⁻<sup>1</sup>, corresponding to the W = O and O-W–O stretching bonds, which align with the synthesis of monoclinic tungsten oxide. The spectrum of EDX for the structure indicated that the tungsten signal weight percentage rose from 35.63 to 41.74, attributed to the increased wavelength, while the morphology of FE-SEM showed an enlargement in nanoparticle size (35–97 nm) corresponding to the rise in shell thickness. The TEM experiments ultimately yielded a high-resolution image of the core–shell architecture of the synthesized Au@WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles. As the laser wavelength rose, the WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles enlarged, resulting in larger nanoparticle dimensions. This study aims to investigate the influence of laser wavelength on the properties of Au@WO<sub>3</sub> core–shell nanoparticles.</p>

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Effect of Laser Wavelength on the Structural, Morphological, and Optical Plasmonic Properties of Au@WO3 Core–Shell NPs

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月7日

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  • Evan T. Salim,
  • Rana O. Mahdi,
  • Doaa Mahmoud,
  • Subash C. B. Gopinath,
  • Motahher A. Qaeed

摘要

This work provides a comprehensive account of the synthesis and characterization of core–shell nanoparticles by the utilization of the laser ablation in liquid technique. A Nd:YAG laser was utilized to synthesize Au@WO3 core–shell nanoparticles at a laser fluence of 19.10 J/cm2 and 1200 laser pulses, employing laser wavelengths of 1064 nm and 532 nm. The results of the UV–VIS spectrum showed absorption peaks at wavelengths range 250 to 550 nm. It has been determined that the WO3 nanoparticles and the surface plasmon resonance of the Au nanoparticles are responsible for the absorption peaks obtained from the experiment. The absorbance of the Au@WO3 core–shell nanoparticles was seen to rise with a decrease in laser wavelength. However, the bandgap energy values showed a slight decrease from 3.17 to 3.0 eV as a consequence of decreasing laser wavelength. Strong peaks centered at wavelengths of 362 nm and 372 nm are observed in the PL with increasing the prepared intensities of the prepared nanoparticles due to decreasing the laser wavelength. The XRD study verifies the existence of Au and WO3 nanoparticles. Diffraction peaks are observed at 2θ = 38.1°, 44.3°, 64.5°, and 77.5°. The spectrum of Raman indicates that the vibrational modes of Au@WO3 nanoparticles are situated at 716 and 958 cm⁻1, corresponding to the W = O and O-W–O stretching bonds, which align with the synthesis of monoclinic tungsten oxide. The spectrum of EDX for the structure indicated that the tungsten signal weight percentage rose from 35.63 to 41.74, attributed to the increased wavelength, while the morphology of FE-SEM showed an enlargement in nanoparticle size (35–97 nm) corresponding to the rise in shell thickness. The TEM experiments ultimately yielded a high-resolution image of the core–shell architecture of the synthesized Au@WO3 nanoparticles. As the laser wavelength rose, the WO3 nanoparticles enlarged, resulting in larger nanoparticle dimensions. This study aims to investigate the influence of laser wavelength on the properties of Au@WO3 core–shell nanoparticles.