<p>In this paper, we study the following biharmonic Choquard system</p><p><Equation ID="Equa"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left\{\begin{aligned}\Delta^2 u - \beta \Delta u &amp;= \lambda_1 u + \left(I_\mu * F(u,v)\right) F_u(u,v)\quad \text{in} \mathbb{R}^4, \\[6pt]\Delta^2 v - \beta \Delta v&amp;= \lambda_2 v + \left(I_\mu * F(u,v)\right) F_v(u,v)\quad \text{in} \mathbb{R}^4, \\[6pt]\int_{\mathbb{R}^4} |u|^2 \, dx &amp;= a^2, \quad\int_{\mathbb{R}^4} |v|^2 \, dx = b^2, \quad u,v \in H^2(\mathbb{R}^4).\end{aligned}\right.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mo>{</mo> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi /> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mi>μ</mi> </msub> <mo>∗</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in&#xa0;</mtext> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>v</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi /> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mi>μ</mi> </msub> <mo>∗</mo> <mi>F</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>v</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in&#xa0;</mtext> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mtd> <mtd> <mi /> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>v</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo fence="true" stretchy="true" /> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation></p><p>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\beta \geq 0,\quad a,b&gt;0,\quad \lambda_1,\lambda_2 \in \mathbb{R},\quad I_\mu = \frac{1}{|x|^\mu}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mi>β</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <msub> <mi>I</mi> <mi>μ</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>x</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mi>μ</mi> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <i>μ</i> ∈ (0, 4), <i>F</i><sub><i>u</i></sub>, <i>F</i><sub><i>v</i></sub> are partial derivatives of <i>F</i> and <i>F</i><sub><i>u</i></sub>, <i>F</i><sub><i>v</i></sub> have exponential critical growth in the sense of the Adams inequality. By using the minimax principle and analyzing the behavior of the least energy with respect to the masses, we prove the existence of ground state solutions for the above system.</p>

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Normalized Ground States for a Biharmonic Choquard System in ℝ4

  • Wenjing Chen,
  • Zexi Wang

摘要

In this paper, we study the following biharmonic Choquard system

\(\left\{\begin{aligned}\Delta^2 u - \beta \Delta u &= \lambda_1 u + \left(I_\mu * F(u,v)\right) F_u(u,v)\quad \text{in} \mathbb{R}^4, \\[6pt]\Delta^2 v - \beta \Delta v&= \lambda_2 v + \left(I_\mu * F(u,v)\right) F_v(u,v)\quad \text{in} \mathbb{R}^4, \\[6pt]\int_{\mathbb{R}^4} |u|^2 \, dx &= a^2, \quad\int_{\mathbb{R}^4} |v|^2 \, dx = b^2, \quad u,v \in H^2(\mathbb{R}^4).\end{aligned}\right.\) { Δ 2 u β Δ u = λ 1 u + ( I μ F ( u , v ) ) F u ( u , v ) in  R 4 , Δ 2 v β Δ v = λ 2 v + ( I μ F ( u , v ) ) F v ( u , v ) in  R 4 , R 4 | u | 2 d x = a 2 , R 4 | v | 2 d x = b 2 , u , v H 2 ( R 4 ) .

where \(\beta \geq 0,\quad a,b>0,\quad \lambda_1,\lambda_2 \in \mathbb{R},\quad I_\mu = \frac{1}{|x|^\mu}\) β 0 , a , b > 0 , λ 1 , λ 2 R , I μ = 1 | x | μ with μ ∈ (0, 4), Fu, Fv are partial derivatives of F and Fu, Fv have exponential critical growth in the sense of the Adams inequality. By using the minimax principle and analyzing the behavior of the least energy with respect to the masses, we prove the existence of ground state solutions for the above system.