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<p>Based on optical remote sensing, two challenges should be highlighted in research on reservoir water resources in mountainous areas: (1) the isolation of climatic influences from anthropogenic impacts during impoundment periods, and (2) the discernment of circulation mechanisms to improve early-warning-system capabilities against extreme climate events. To address these challenges, we developed an enhanced automated water-detection framework using Landsat TOA data (1986–2023) that allowed us to analyse the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of the water surface area of the Danjiangkou (DJK) Reservoir—China’s key source of the South to North Water Diversion. The results showed that anthropogenically induced changes in water surface area were evident through infrastructure developments, notably the increase in the height of the DJK dam (contributing 34.0% of the variance) and the construction of the <i>Wangfuzhou Hydrojunction</i> (contributing 51.9% of the variance). Following ensemble empirical mode decomposition and first-order difference detrending to reduce the impacts from human activity, a significantly enhanced positive (negative) correlation between autumn precipitation (potential evaporation) and water surface area was revealed; this demonstrated the climate-driven controls on reservoir dynamics at the interannual and decadal scales. Importantly, atmospheric pressure anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau and the area of the Asian polar vortex are two effective indicators of autumn precipitation anomalies for the DJK Reservoir. Our research framework has the potential to support the development of early warning systems, which have direct applications to the DJK Reservoir and, more broadly, to reservoir systems across Eurasia.</p>

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Surface-water-area anomalies in the Danjiangkou Reservoir’s autumn impoundment linked to climate drivers and teleconnection mechanisms during 1986–2023

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Shuangshuang Li,
  • Mingyang He,
  • Xingyi Li

摘要

Based on optical remote sensing, two challenges should be highlighted in research on reservoir water resources in mountainous areas: (1) the isolation of climatic influences from anthropogenic impacts during impoundment periods, and (2) the discernment of circulation mechanisms to improve early-warning-system capabilities against extreme climate events. To address these challenges, we developed an enhanced automated water-detection framework using Landsat TOA data (1986–2023) that allowed us to analyse the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of the water surface area of the Danjiangkou (DJK) Reservoir—China’s key source of the South to North Water Diversion. The results showed that anthropogenically induced changes in water surface area were evident through infrastructure developments, notably the increase in the height of the DJK dam (contributing 34.0% of the variance) and the construction of the Wangfuzhou Hydrojunction (contributing 51.9% of the variance). Following ensemble empirical mode decomposition and first-order difference detrending to reduce the impacts from human activity, a significantly enhanced positive (negative) correlation between autumn precipitation (potential evaporation) and water surface area was revealed; this demonstrated the climate-driven controls on reservoir dynamics at the interannual and decadal scales. Importantly, atmospheric pressure anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau and the area of the Asian polar vortex are two effective indicators of autumn precipitation anomalies for the DJK Reservoir. Our research framework has the potential to support the development of early warning systems, which have direct applications to the DJK Reservoir and, more broadly, to reservoir systems across Eurasia.