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<p>This study presents a quantitative comparison between Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) using viable <i>Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus</i> and novel Bacterial Enzyme Induced Calcite Precipitation (BEICP) using urease extracted from the same bacteria for enhancing the undrained shear strength of clean uniform fine sand. For completeness, Gram-positive, ureolytic bacteria, <i>Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus</i>, have been directly employed for MICP, while crude urease having enzyme activity of 1335&#xa0;±&#xa0;0.182&#xa0;U/mL/min was produced and extracted under pre-optimized conditions using <i>L. xylanilyticus</i> was utilized for BEICP. The quantitative estimation of calcium carbonate revealed that the latter could yield a significantly higher magnitude of calcite precipitates (i.e., 11.6&#xa0;mg/mL) than the former (i.e., 9.8&#xa0;mg/mL). For morphological quantification of calcite production, both scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction analyses have been carried out. Furthermore, adding ureolytic bacteria and crude bacterial urease could markedly improve the unconfined compressive strength of tested soil by more than 5.1 (178.4&#xa0;±&#xa0;4.5&#xa0;kPa) and 8.6 (301.3&#xa0;±&#xa0;9.7&#xa0;kPa) folds, respectively when compared with the control (34.8&#xa0;±&#xa0;1.4&#xa0;kPa) after only one treatment cycle and 28&#xa0;days of curing. However, the formation of calcite crystals between sand particles resulted in subtle reduction in the permeability of the treated soil. In essence, the bacterial enzyme induced calcite precipitation exhibits relatively faster and better potential of bio-cementation in sand than the traditional microbial induced calcite precipitation.</p>

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Efficacy of microbial and bacterial enzyme induced calcite precipitations for bio-cementation in sand

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月23日

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  • Yesra Arshad,
  • Ikram ul Haq,
  • Jahanzaib Israr,
  • Ali Nawaz

摘要

This study presents a quantitative comparison between Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) using viable Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and novel Bacterial Enzyme Induced Calcite Precipitation (BEICP) using urease extracted from the same bacteria for enhancing the undrained shear strength of clean uniform fine sand. For completeness, Gram-positive, ureolytic bacteria, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus, have been directly employed for MICP, while crude urease having enzyme activity of 1335 ± 0.182 U/mL/min was produced and extracted under pre-optimized conditions using L. xylanilyticus was utilized for BEICP. The quantitative estimation of calcium carbonate revealed that the latter could yield a significantly higher magnitude of calcite precipitates (i.e., 11.6 mg/mL) than the former (i.e., 9.8 mg/mL). For morphological quantification of calcite production, both scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction analyses have been carried out. Furthermore, adding ureolytic bacteria and crude bacterial urease could markedly improve the unconfined compressive strength of tested soil by more than 5.1 (178.4 ± 4.5 kPa) and 8.6 (301.3 ± 9.7 kPa) folds, respectively when compared with the control (34.8 ± 1.4 kPa) after only one treatment cycle and 28 days of curing. However, the formation of calcite crystals between sand particles resulted in subtle reduction in the permeability of the treated soil. In essence, the bacterial enzyme induced calcite precipitation exhibits relatively faster and better potential of bio-cementation in sand than the traditional microbial induced calcite precipitation.