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<p>This study investigates slurry pressure transmission in saturated sand during shield tunneling by combining laboratory infiltration tests and three-dimensional numerical simulations. Two tunneling scenarios are analyzed: Case A, where cutting depth exceeds slurry infiltration depth, and Case B, where cutting depth is less than slurry infiltration depth. Laboratory tests reveal that sand concentration in the slurry influences the infiltration rate, permeability evolution, and pressure transmission efficiency. Direct infiltration tests for Case A demonstrate that deeper infiltration and prolonged mud spurt stages occur at higher sand concentrations, while repeated infiltration tests for Case B show that retained penetrated zones accelerate the formation of low-permeability areas, positively affecting initial pressure transmission but reducing infiltration rates over time. A finite element model incorporating experimental permeability data indicates that pressure transmission percentages during excavation range from 50 to 70%, significantly lower than traditional predictions based on membrane theory. Results highlight the complex interactions between pressure transmission, sand concentration, and cutterhead operation intervals. Ultimately, this work provides quantitative insights to extend laboratory findings to realistic tunneling conditions, offering practical guidance for optimizing slurry parameters and tunneling operations in saturated sand layers.</p>

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Slurry pressure transmission in saturated sand during shield tunneling: expanding from infiltration tests to realistic scale simulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Zhanchao Yin,
  • Qingsong Zhang,
  • YuXue Sun,
  • Dongzhu Zheng,
  • Bin Liu,
  • Xiao Zhang

摘要

This study investigates slurry pressure transmission in saturated sand during shield tunneling by combining laboratory infiltration tests and three-dimensional numerical simulations. Two tunneling scenarios are analyzed: Case A, where cutting depth exceeds slurry infiltration depth, and Case B, where cutting depth is less than slurry infiltration depth. Laboratory tests reveal that sand concentration in the slurry influences the infiltration rate, permeability evolution, and pressure transmission efficiency. Direct infiltration tests for Case A demonstrate that deeper infiltration and prolonged mud spurt stages occur at higher sand concentrations, while repeated infiltration tests for Case B show that retained penetrated zones accelerate the formation of low-permeability areas, positively affecting initial pressure transmission but reducing infiltration rates over time. A finite element model incorporating experimental permeability data indicates that pressure transmission percentages during excavation range from 50 to 70%, significantly lower than traditional predictions based on membrane theory. Results highlight the complex interactions between pressure transmission, sand concentration, and cutterhead operation intervals. Ultimately, this work provides quantitative insights to extend laboratory findings to realistic tunneling conditions, offering practical guidance for optimizing slurry parameters and tunneling operations in saturated sand layers.