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<p>We report a constraint on the cosmological variation of the proton <i>g</i>-factor, <i>g</i><sub>p</sub>. By comparing the measured redshifts between H<span>i</span> 21 cm and OH 18 cm lines observed with the newly commissioned Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) toward PKS 1413+135 at <i>z</i> = 0.24671, we obtain Δ<i>g</i><sub>p</sub>/<i>g</i><sub>p</sub> = (−4.3 ± 2.5) × 10<sup>−5</sup>, which is more than two orders of magnitude more sensitive than previous constraints. In addition, we obtain sensitive constraints of Δ(<i>μα</i><sup>2</sup>)/(<i>μα</i><sup>2</sup>) = (2.0 ± 1.2) × 10<sup>−5</sup> and Δ(<i>μα</i><sup>2</sup><i>g</i><Stack> <sub>p</sub> <sup>0.64</sup> </Stack>)/(<i>μα</i><sup>2</sup><i>g</i><Stack> <sub>p</sub> <sup>0.64</sup> </Stack>) = (−4.7 ± 1.9) × 10<sup>−6</sup>.</p>

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A stringent constraint on the fractional change of proton g-factor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Renzhi Su,
  • Stephen J. Curran,
  • Jeremy Darling,
  • Minfeng Gu,
  • J. N. H. S. Aditya,
  • Ningyu Tang,
  • Di Li,
  • Zheng Zheng

摘要

We report a constraint on the cosmological variation of the proton g-factor, gp. By comparing the measured redshifts between Hi 21 cm and OH 18 cm lines observed with the newly commissioned Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) toward PKS 1413+135 at z = 0.24671, we obtain Δgp/gp = (−4.3 ± 2.5) × 10−5, which is more than two orders of magnitude more sensitive than previous constraints. In addition, we obtain sensitive constraints of Δ(μα2)/(μα2) = (2.0 ± 1.2) × 10−5 and Δ(μα2g p 0.64 )/(μα2g p 0.64 ) = (−4.7 ± 1.9) × 10−6.