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<p>Fiber-based sensors have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in various fields. However, conventional fiber-based sensors often exhibit limited sensitivity and integration capabilities. In this study, a liquid metal (LM)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite porous fiber-based strain and pressure sensor (LTPFS) was designed for fabricating strain and pressure-sensing fabrics. The LTPFS consisted of an LM/TPU sheath and LM conductive core. The LM/TPU sheath was fabricated using a coaxial wet spinning technique. In the pressure range of 0–70 kPa, the sensitivity of LTPFS with 50 wt% of LM added in the fiber sheath was increased by (4.41 ± 1.39) times compared to the sensitivity of fibers without LM. The LTPFS’s strain gauge factors were 9.08 ± 8.98, 33.62 ± 25.79, 82.40 ± 59.97, and 237.78 ± 189.61 in the range of 0%–50%, 50%–100%, 100%–200%, and 200%–300% strain. The LTPFS demonstrated exceptional performance characteristics, including rapid response and recovery time, good operational stability, and superior cyclic durability in both strain and pressure sensing applications. The fabrics fabricated by LTPFS had a good ability to monitor human body motion and detect pressure distribution. The methodological innovations presented in this study establish a robust foundation for the development of next-generation fiber sensors.</p>

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Highly sensitive liquid metal/thermoplastic polyurethane composite porous fiber-based strain and pressure sensor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Jiabo Tang,
  • Yang Zou,
  • Yonggang Lyu

摘要

Fiber-based sensors have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in various fields. However, conventional fiber-based sensors often exhibit limited sensitivity and integration capabilities. In this study, a liquid metal (LM)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite porous fiber-based strain and pressure sensor (LTPFS) was designed for fabricating strain and pressure-sensing fabrics. The LTPFS consisted of an LM/TPU sheath and LM conductive core. The LM/TPU sheath was fabricated using a coaxial wet spinning technique. In the pressure range of 0–70 kPa, the sensitivity of LTPFS with 50 wt% of LM added in the fiber sheath was increased by (4.41 ± 1.39) times compared to the sensitivity of fibers without LM. The LTPFS’s strain gauge factors were 9.08 ± 8.98, 33.62 ± 25.79, 82.40 ± 59.97, and 237.78 ± 189.61 in the range of 0%–50%, 50%–100%, 100%–200%, and 200%–300% strain. The LTPFS demonstrated exceptional performance characteristics, including rapid response and recovery time, good operational stability, and superior cyclic durability in both strain and pressure sensing applications. The fabrics fabricated by LTPFS had a good ability to monitor human body motion and detect pressure distribution. The methodological innovations presented in this study establish a robust foundation for the development of next-generation fiber sensors.