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<p>Long-term (10<sup>7</sup>–10<sup>8</sup> years) eustatic variations can be attributed to tectonics through geodynamically induced changes in ocean basin capacity. However, sea levels have persistently changed on much shorter (10<sup>4</sup>–10<sup>6</sup> years) timescales. It is only recently that climatically-driven variations in continental groundwater storage have been proposed as the potential driver of these higher-frequency eustatic fluctuations during greenhouse periods. The paleogeographic distribution of coals, originally formed from peats, is primarily governed by climatic conditions. We use this proxy to evaluate the variations in continental water storage for the past 415 million years, sampled at 5 Myr intervals. Our analysis of the correlation between eustatic variations and continental water storage changes indicates that the aquifer-eustatic forcing of long-term eustatic fluctuations may be the dominant process during greenhouse times. The areas of water surfaces, such as bogs on land, could be an important boundary condition in climate models during non-glacial periods.</p>

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Global groundwater reservoir’s influence on long-term sea level fluctuations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月24日

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  • Zhihui Zhang,
  • Tiantian Wang,
  • Dawei Lv,
  • Yuan Gao,
  • Chengshan Wang

摘要

Long-term (107–108 years) eustatic variations can be attributed to tectonics through geodynamically induced changes in ocean basin capacity. However, sea levels have persistently changed on much shorter (104–106 years) timescales. It is only recently that climatically-driven variations in continental groundwater storage have been proposed as the potential driver of these higher-frequency eustatic fluctuations during greenhouse periods. The paleogeographic distribution of coals, originally formed from peats, is primarily governed by climatic conditions. We use this proxy to evaluate the variations in continental water storage for the past 415 million years, sampled at 5 Myr intervals. Our analysis of the correlation between eustatic variations and continental water storage changes indicates that the aquifer-eustatic forcing of long-term eustatic fluctuations may be the dominant process during greenhouse times. The areas of water surfaces, such as bogs on land, could be an important boundary condition in climate models during non-glacial periods.