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<p>Surface wind fields in glacial environments are critical components of local circulation systems and are essential for glacier boundary layer research. Investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics of glacial surface winds and their impacts on local meteorological processes is essential for identifying the mechanisms and spatial heterogeneity of mass balance variations in Tibetan Plateau mountain glaciers under climate change conditions. This study analyzed Qiyi Glacier in the Qilian Mountains, utilizing multiyear meteorological data from automatic weather stations (AWS) and precipitation gauges at various elevations. The key findings revealed that daytime convergence between upper-mid glacier katabatic winds and valley anabatic winds enhanced orographic uplift, increasing precipitation in these zones. Nocturnal wind reversals induce divergent subsidence over upper-mid glacial areas, promoting cloud-free conditions that enhance longwave radiative cooling and glacial cold storage and suppressing ablation. We proposed a conceptual model of glacier wind-precipitation feedback that demonstrates how local circulations (e.g., katabatic winds) modulate the formation of precipitation maxima in glacial settings. Furthermore, warm-year observations have documented intensified glacier winds. These results suggest that glacial systems may develop self-sustaining protective feedback through local circulation adjustments under climate change.</p>

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Characteristics of surface wind fields in mountain glacier regions of western China and their local synoptic-climatic significance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月17日

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  • Xi Jiang,
  • Ninglian Wang,
  • Jianqiao He,
  • Yuwei Wu,
  • An’an Chen,
  • Zhongming Guo

摘要

Surface wind fields in glacial environments are critical components of local circulation systems and are essential for glacier boundary layer research. Investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics of glacial surface winds and their impacts on local meteorological processes is essential for identifying the mechanisms and spatial heterogeneity of mass balance variations in Tibetan Plateau mountain glaciers under climate change conditions. This study analyzed Qiyi Glacier in the Qilian Mountains, utilizing multiyear meteorological data from automatic weather stations (AWS) and precipitation gauges at various elevations. The key findings revealed that daytime convergence between upper-mid glacier katabatic winds and valley anabatic winds enhanced orographic uplift, increasing precipitation in these zones. Nocturnal wind reversals induce divergent subsidence over upper-mid glacial areas, promoting cloud-free conditions that enhance longwave radiative cooling and glacial cold storage and suppressing ablation. We proposed a conceptual model of glacier wind-precipitation feedback that demonstrates how local circulations (e.g., katabatic winds) modulate the formation of precipitation maxima in glacial settings. Furthermore, warm-year observations have documented intensified glacier winds. These results suggest that glacial systems may develop self-sustaining protective feedback through local circulation adjustments under climate change.