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<p>Auroras on Earth are closely linked to solar activity, offering a valuable way to investigate variations in solar activity, particularly for periods when solar activity data are scarce. This study compares and analyzes auroral records from Korea and mid-latitude Europe between 1610 and 1810 AD. Both Korean and European aurora records show consistency between auroral activity and solar variations, with distinct advantages in different periods. Before 1700 AD, Korean auroral observations were more frequent than European auroras and aligned well with solar activity proxies, making them particularly useful for studying solar variability during the Maunder Minimum. After 1700 AD, European auroral records became more abundant than Korean auroral records and consistent with solar activity, providing better insights into post-Maunder Minimum solar variations and long-term solar activity trends. Thus, Korean and European auroral data complement each other, enhancing our understanding of historical solar activity.</p>

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Comparative analysis of ancient aurorae records near the Maunder Minimum

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Si Chen,
  • Yong Wei,
  • Hong Yuan,
  • Xin’an Yue,
  • Fei He,
  • Limei Yan,
  • Kai Fan,
  • Yuqi Wang

摘要

Auroras on Earth are closely linked to solar activity, offering a valuable way to investigate variations in solar activity, particularly for periods when solar activity data are scarce. This study compares and analyzes auroral records from Korea and mid-latitude Europe between 1610 and 1810 AD. Both Korean and European aurora records show consistency between auroral activity and solar variations, with distinct advantages in different periods. Before 1700 AD, Korean auroral observations were more frequent than European auroras and aligned well with solar activity proxies, making them particularly useful for studying solar variability during the Maunder Minimum. After 1700 AD, European auroral records became more abundant than Korean auroral records and consistent with solar activity, providing better insights into post-Maunder Minimum solar variations and long-term solar activity trends. Thus, Korean and European auroral data complement each other, enhancing our understanding of historical solar activity.