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<p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults, affects 1.53% or 1,267,000 of the German population, which corresponds to 21.7% of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). DR is caused by ischaemic microangiopathy with an additional neurodegenerative component. Early nonproliferative DR, which often occurs with diabetic macular edema, can progress to the severe proliferative form, where an excess of angiogenic molecules in the vitreous leads to disruption of the blood–retinal barrier and the formation of fragile new vessels bearing sight-threatening complications. The increasing incidence of DM worldwide with an extrapolated prevalence of 161 million people with DR in 2045 makes the eye disease an increasing medical and socioeconomic challenge. While the introduction of laser and intraocular antibody therapy against vascular endothelial growth factor has revolutionized the treatment of DR, early diagnosis and consistent interdisciplinary therapy remain essential to prevent long-term retinal damage.</p>

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Augenbeteiligung bei Diabetes mellitus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Stefaniya Boneva,
  • Hansjürgen Agostini

摘要

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults, affects 1.53% or 1,267,000 of the German population, which corresponds to 21.7% of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). DR is caused by ischaemic microangiopathy with an additional neurodegenerative component. Early nonproliferative DR, which often occurs with diabetic macular edema, can progress to the severe proliferative form, where an excess of angiogenic molecules in the vitreous leads to disruption of the blood–retinal barrier and the formation of fragile new vessels bearing sight-threatening complications. The increasing incidence of DM worldwide with an extrapolated prevalence of 161 million people with DR in 2045 makes the eye disease an increasing medical and socioeconomic challenge. While the introduction of laser and intraocular antibody therapy against vascular endothelial growth factor has revolutionized the treatment of DR, early diagnosis and consistent interdisciplinary therapy remain essential to prevent long-term retinal damage.