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<p>The low phase-transition temperatures (<i>T</i><sub>pt</sub>s) of structurally defined small molecules impose fundamental limitations on thermal stability in all-small-molecule (all-SM) systems. To overcome this, we designed and synthesized a dimeric donor, DM-2Cl, interconnected by a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene central unit side chain, and combined it with the giant molecule acceptor, BDY-<i>β</i>, to construct a conceptual all-giant-molecule (all-GM) system with enhanced solid-state <i>T</i><sub>pt</sub>. The DM-2Cl:BDY-β system suppressed morphology evolution under continuous thermal-annealing and demonstrated superior stability relative to the BDT-1S1Cl:Y6 reference. Crucially, optimized blend morphology and improved charge transport/extraction properties enabled the binary all-GM system to achieve a 15.56% PCE, which increased to 16.24% upon incorporating giant-molecule acceptor Se-giant-2F. This work paves the way to design dimeric donors, introducing new all-giant-molecule systems with high device efficiency and excellent thermal stability.</p>

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A small molecule donor dimer interconnected by a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene central unit side chain enables highly efficient and thermally stable all-giant-molecule solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Xinrong Yang,
  • Yuan Gao,
  • Bowen Chang,
  • Yiming Shao,
  • Lin-Yong Xu,
  • Meimei Zhang,
  • Xiaohei Wu,
  • Biao Xiao,
  • Rui Sun,
  • Jie Min

摘要

The low phase-transition temperatures (Tpts) of structurally defined small molecules impose fundamental limitations on thermal stability in all-small-molecule (all-SM) systems. To overcome this, we designed and synthesized a dimeric donor, DM-2Cl, interconnected by a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene central unit side chain, and combined it with the giant molecule acceptor, BDY-β, to construct a conceptual all-giant-molecule (all-GM) system with enhanced solid-state Tpt. The DM-2Cl:BDY-β system suppressed morphology evolution under continuous thermal-annealing and demonstrated superior stability relative to the BDT-1S1Cl:Y6 reference. Crucially, optimized blend morphology and improved charge transport/extraction properties enabled the binary all-GM system to achieve a 15.56% PCE, which increased to 16.24% upon incorporating giant-molecule acceptor Se-giant-2F. This work paves the way to design dimeric donors, introducing new all-giant-molecule systems with high device efficiency and excellent thermal stability.