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<p>This study examined social networks and self-regulation in two different co-creation environments (2D digital and 3D VR co-creation) through SNA and ANCOVA. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research design with 44 tenth-grade students, 24 males (55%) and 20 females (45%), from an English class at a public senior high school in northern Taiwan. To assess the effects of the environment, the classes were divided into a control group and an experimental group, with a valid sample of 22 in each group. As the results showed, 3D VR co-creation manifested more restricted social networks with fewer cliques but higher cohesiveness, reciprocity and betweenness. This suggests not only greater community solidarity and stability in 3D VR co-creation but also greater needs of 3D VR co-creators for interconnection when facing the novelty effect. Such dependence on interaction corroborated the dominance of lower-level cognitive strategies in 3D VR communities and echoed the ANCOVA results showing that strategy use was the most prominent self-regulatory skill in 3D VR co-creation. The limitation on gender composition was specified. Further implications are discussed, and suggestions for increased co-creation time, coworking strategies, and the development of a predictive model as scaffolding are offered.</p>

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Understanding online knowledge communities via social networks and self-regulation in synchronous VR co-creation for distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Hsin-Yun Wang,
  • Jerry Chih-Yuan Sun

摘要

This study examined social networks and self-regulation in two different co-creation environments (2D digital and 3D VR co-creation) through SNA and ANCOVA. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research design with 44 tenth-grade students, 24 males (55%) and 20 females (45%), from an English class at a public senior high school in northern Taiwan. To assess the effects of the environment, the classes were divided into a control group and an experimental group, with a valid sample of 22 in each group. As the results showed, 3D VR co-creation manifested more restricted social networks with fewer cliques but higher cohesiveness, reciprocity and betweenness. This suggests not only greater community solidarity and stability in 3D VR co-creation but also greater needs of 3D VR co-creators for interconnection when facing the novelty effect. Such dependence on interaction corroborated the dominance of lower-level cognitive strategies in 3D VR communities and echoed the ANCOVA results showing that strategy use was the most prominent self-regulatory skill in 3D VR co-creation. The limitation on gender composition was specified. Further implications are discussed, and suggestions for increased co-creation time, coworking strategies, and the development of a predictive model as scaffolding are offered.