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Purpose <p>The accumulation of vanadium (V) in rice grains can negatively affect agricultural product safety and human health through the food chain. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biochar play critical roles in driving soil nutrient cycling processes and improving plant resistance to heavy metal stress, but there have been few studies regarding their synergistic effects on V contaminated soil. The synergistic effects of AMF inoculation and biochar application on rice growth and V uptake in V-contaminated paddies were investigated.</p> Materials and methods <p>A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the mycorrhizal characteristics, rice growth, phosphorus (P) and V acquisition and soil chemical speciation of V associated with the control (CK), solo arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculation (AM), solo biochar application (B), and their combination (BAM) at applications of 0 and 500&#xa0;mg NaVO<sub>3</sub> per kg of sterilized soil. The tested AMF inoculum, <i>Funneliformis mosseae BGC XJ01</i> was used for the experiment.</p> Results and discussion <p>V-contaminated soil significantly decreased root mycorrhizal colonization by 20.0%-34.1% and rice biomass by 2.4%-32.9% compared to the V-free soil, but it significantly increased the rice tissue V concentration. Under V stress, the three treatments of AM, B, and BAM had a positive effect on the increased rice tissue P concentration and decreased rice tissue V concentration, as well as on the rhizosphere soil available V concentration, which could alleviate the growth inhibition of rice. Further analysis of chemical V speciation in soil demonstrated that BAM treatment could convert a larger amount of the acid-soluble V fraction to reducible, oxidizable and residual V fractions through improving soil pH and the possible chelation of AMF secretions. Notably, factors of AMF inoculation and biochar application interacted for the P and V concentrations of rice shoot and root, as well as the soil acid-soluble V concentration and pH. Improvements in rice growth were more evident for BAM treatment compared to solo AMF inoculation or biochar application treatment.</p> Conclusions <p>Combination of AMF inoculation and biochar application contributed to promoting rice growth by 28.9%-37.9% and decreasing rice tissue V concentration by 39.3%-89.0% than the control in 500&#xa0;mg kg<sup>− 1</sup> V spiked soil, due to soil V immobilization by inducing soil alkalinization and the possible AMF secretions’ chelating. These results provide insights into V biogeochemical behavior in a soil–rice system and demonstrate that combining AMF inoculation and biochar application could be a promising strategy for the bioremediation of V-contaminated soil in the future.</p>

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Divergent synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation and biochar application on rice growth and vanadium (V) uptake in V-contaminated soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Lang Qiu,
  • Yifan Xia,
  • Jing Yang,
  • Yue Zhang,
  • Chengjie Yin,
  • Zhigang Wang,
  • Yanxu Zhang

摘要

Purpose

The accumulation of vanadium (V) in rice grains can negatively affect agricultural product safety and human health through the food chain. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biochar play critical roles in driving soil nutrient cycling processes and improving plant resistance to heavy metal stress, but there have been few studies regarding their synergistic effects on V contaminated soil. The synergistic effects of AMF inoculation and biochar application on rice growth and V uptake in V-contaminated paddies were investigated.

Materials and methods

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the mycorrhizal characteristics, rice growth, phosphorus (P) and V acquisition and soil chemical speciation of V associated with the control (CK), solo arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculation (AM), solo biochar application (B), and their combination (BAM) at applications of 0 and 500 mg NaVO3 per kg of sterilized soil. The tested AMF inoculum, Funneliformis mosseae BGC XJ01 was used for the experiment.

Results and discussion

V-contaminated soil significantly decreased root mycorrhizal colonization by 20.0%-34.1% and rice biomass by 2.4%-32.9% compared to the V-free soil, but it significantly increased the rice tissue V concentration. Under V stress, the three treatments of AM, B, and BAM had a positive effect on the increased rice tissue P concentration and decreased rice tissue V concentration, as well as on the rhizosphere soil available V concentration, which could alleviate the growth inhibition of rice. Further analysis of chemical V speciation in soil demonstrated that BAM treatment could convert a larger amount of the acid-soluble V fraction to reducible, oxidizable and residual V fractions through improving soil pH and the possible chelation of AMF secretions. Notably, factors of AMF inoculation and biochar application interacted for the P and V concentrations of rice shoot and root, as well as the soil acid-soluble V concentration and pH. Improvements in rice growth were more evident for BAM treatment compared to solo AMF inoculation or biochar application treatment.

Conclusions

Combination of AMF inoculation and biochar application contributed to promoting rice growth by 28.9%-37.9% and decreasing rice tissue V concentration by 39.3%-89.0% than the control in 500 mg kg− 1 V spiked soil, due to soil V immobilization by inducing soil alkalinization and the possible AMF secretions’ chelating. These results provide insights into V biogeochemical behavior in a soil–rice system and demonstrate that combining AMF inoculation and biochar application could be a promising strategy for the bioremediation of V-contaminated soil in the future.