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Purpose <p>This study aims to investigate the characteristics of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contents in the surface soil of the Xinqiao mining area in Tongling City, and to develop environmental geochemical baseline values, which were then used as an evaluation criterion to analyze the soil pollution status and its causes. It attempts to explore soil pollution assessment methods suitable for small-scale mining areas, aiming to better monitor and reflect the impact of human activities on the geological environment.</p> Materials and methods <p>Total concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn were determined in surface soil samples (0–20&#xa0;cm) from the Xinqiao Copper Mine area and its surroundings in Tongling City, Anhui Province. The environmental geochemical baseline values of 10 PTEs were calculated using the relative cumulative frequency method. Subsequently, using both geochemical baseline values and environmental background values as evaluation criteria, the pollution status of the study area was evaluated using the geo-accumulation index (<i>I</i><sub>geo</sub>) method. Finally, their spatial distribution and causes were analyzed using spatial analysis methods.</p> Results and discussion <p>Results showed that the average concentrations of ten PTEs, including Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, As and Hg, in the soil of Tongling Xinqiao mining area were 63.91, 90.00, 746.24, 26.47, 3.30, 168.04, 78.69, 1.03, 25.54 and 0.10&#xa0;mg/kg, respectively, and their geochemical baseline values were 19.95, 53.74, 261.85, 20.12, 2.82, 64.39, 30.56, 0.21, 9.44 and 0.04&#xa0;mg/kg, respectively. The pollution assessment results based on two evaluation criteria, geochemical baseline values and background values showed that the pollution status of Cr, Ni and Fe remained good, whereas that of other elements reached moderate pollution or higher, especially Cu and Cd, with two sampling points reaching extremely strong pollution.</p> Conclusions <p>Environmental geochemical baseline values can serve as effective evaluation criteria for small-scale areas. It can be used to compensate for the lack of clear definition of evaluation results due to the absence of benchmark values, enabling the evaluation results to more accurately reflect the current pollution status of the soil, thereby guiding the comprehensive prevention and control of soil pollution in the local area and ensuring the safe use of soil.</p>

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Establishment and application of environmental geochemical baseline of soil PTEs in a typical metal mining area: a case study of the Xinqiao mining area in Tongling city, Anhui province, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Jun Zhang,
  • Manli Lin,
  • Herong Gui,
  • Song Chen,
  • Xianghong Liu,
  • Meiping Wu,
  • Xinrui Huang,
  • Li Ma,
  • Weihua Peng

摘要

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contents in the surface soil of the Xinqiao mining area in Tongling City, and to develop environmental geochemical baseline values, which were then used as an evaluation criterion to analyze the soil pollution status and its causes. It attempts to explore soil pollution assessment methods suitable for small-scale mining areas, aiming to better monitor and reflect the impact of human activities on the geological environment.

Materials and methods

Total concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn were determined in surface soil samples (0–20 cm) from the Xinqiao Copper Mine area and its surroundings in Tongling City, Anhui Province. The environmental geochemical baseline values of 10 PTEs were calculated using the relative cumulative frequency method. Subsequently, using both geochemical baseline values and environmental background values as evaluation criteria, the pollution status of the study area was evaluated using the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) method. Finally, their spatial distribution and causes were analyzed using spatial analysis methods.

Results and discussion

Results showed that the average concentrations of ten PTEs, including Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, As and Hg, in the soil of Tongling Xinqiao mining area were 63.91, 90.00, 746.24, 26.47, 3.30, 168.04, 78.69, 1.03, 25.54 and 0.10 mg/kg, respectively, and their geochemical baseline values were 19.95, 53.74, 261.85, 20.12, 2.82, 64.39, 30.56, 0.21, 9.44 and 0.04 mg/kg, respectively. The pollution assessment results based on two evaluation criteria, geochemical baseline values and background values showed that the pollution status of Cr, Ni and Fe remained good, whereas that of other elements reached moderate pollution or higher, especially Cu and Cd, with two sampling points reaching extremely strong pollution.

Conclusions

Environmental geochemical baseline values can serve as effective evaluation criteria for small-scale areas. It can be used to compensate for the lack of clear definition of evaluation results due to the absence of benchmark values, enabling the evaluation results to more accurately reflect the current pollution status of the soil, thereby guiding the comprehensive prevention and control of soil pollution in the local area and ensuring the safe use of soil.