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<p>Biosurfactant functionality critically depends on its stability and activity under relevant environmental conditions. Herein, we report on a cold-active biosurfactant produced by a <i>Serratia</i> sp. isolated from an Antarctic coastal lake that maintained its activity at temperatures ≤ 25&#xa0;°C. The biosurfactant produced by <i>Serratia</i> sp. PL17 was structurally and functionally characterized, and its effects on crude oil solubility and low-temperature degradation were examined, representing the first study of a cold-adapted, biosurfactant-producing <i>Serratia</i> strain in this context. Additionally, a biosurfactant-defective mutant (<i>Serratia</i> sp. PL17_20) was generated via transposon mutagenesis to aid this investigation. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to characterize the biosurfactant as serrawettin W1, a cyclic lipopeptide. The biosurfactant was active down to − 20&#xa0;°C, remained stable across a wide salinity range (1–10% w/v), and lowered water surface tension to 31.4 mN/m. Comparisons between the mutant and wild-type <i>Serratia</i> sp. PL17 provided evidence that the biosurfactant enhanced crude oil degradation at 15&#xa0;°C. The biosurfactant increased solubility particularly of longer alkane chains, which are typically more recalcitrant at cold temperatures. The wild-type supplemented with purified biosurfactant achieved near-complete degradation of n-alkanes. This work highlights the biotechnological potential of cold-active biosurfactants in overcoming the challenges of crude oil remediation at cold temperatures, offering promising strategies for cleaning up contamination in polar and subpolar environments.</p>

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Cold-adapted biosurfactants for environmental remediation: enhanced biodegradation of recalcitrant hydrocarbons by Antarctic Serratia sp. PL17

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月15日

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  • Lea Molacek,
  • Breuklyn Opp,
  • Markus Dieser,
  • Heidi J. Smith,
  • Christine M. Foreman

摘要

Biosurfactant functionality critically depends on its stability and activity under relevant environmental conditions. Herein, we report on a cold-active biosurfactant produced by a Serratia sp. isolated from an Antarctic coastal lake that maintained its activity at temperatures ≤ 25 °C. The biosurfactant produced by Serratia sp. PL17 was structurally and functionally characterized, and its effects on crude oil solubility and low-temperature degradation were examined, representing the first study of a cold-adapted, biosurfactant-producing Serratia strain in this context. Additionally, a biosurfactant-defective mutant (Serratia sp. PL17_20) was generated via transposon mutagenesis to aid this investigation. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to characterize the biosurfactant as serrawettin W1, a cyclic lipopeptide. The biosurfactant was active down to − 20 °C, remained stable across a wide salinity range (1–10% w/v), and lowered water surface tension to 31.4 mN/m. Comparisons between the mutant and wild-type Serratia sp. PL17 provided evidence that the biosurfactant enhanced crude oil degradation at 15 °C. The biosurfactant increased solubility particularly of longer alkane chains, which are typically more recalcitrant at cold temperatures. The wild-type supplemented with purified biosurfactant achieved near-complete degradation of n-alkanes. This work highlights the biotechnological potential of cold-active biosurfactants in overcoming the challenges of crude oil remediation at cold temperatures, offering promising strategies for cleaning up contamination in polar and subpolar environments.