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<p>This study investigates the role of <i>Spartina alterniflora</i> in retaining anthropogenic particles (APs) with a focus on micro-size within salt marshes of the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE), Argentina, a region exposed to significant urban and industrial pressures. Sediment samples were collected from five sites, comparing vegetated areas with <i>S. alterniflora</i> to adjacent unvegetated mudflats. AP concentrations, particle characteristics (size, color, and shape), and polymer composition were analyzed, alongside plant structural traits such as leaf height, density, and biomass. Results revealed significantly higher AP levels in vegetated sediments compared to unvegetated areas, supporting the hypothesis that <i>S. alterniflora</i> enhances particle retention. Most APs were microfibers with a predominance of blue and black colors. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of semi-synthetic cotton, polyester, polystyrene, and polypropylene, along with anthropogenic pigments, including indigo blue, reactive blue 238, and diarylide azo pigment (yellow 152). Vegetated areas showed greater diversity in particle shapes, color, and compositions. While no correlation was found between AP retention and plant density or biomass, a weak but significant positive relationship emerged with leaf height, suggesting taller canopies may facilitate greater AP deposition. These findings highlight the importance of salt marshes as natural sinks for micropollutants and underscore the relevance of plant morphological traits in modulating contaminant accumulation. The study contributes valuable insights for conservation and management strategies in urbanized estuarine ecosystems affected by anthropogenic pollution.</p>

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The role of Spartina alterniflora in retaining anthropogenic microparticles in salt marshes of urbanized estuaries: insights from Bahía Blanca, Argentina

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • María Eugenia Adaro,
  • Martín Raúl Amodeo,
  • Lucas Sebastián Rodríguez Pirani,
  • Andrea Lorena Picone,
  • Rosana Mariel Romano,
  • Ana Carolina Ronda

摘要

This study investigates the role of Spartina alterniflora in retaining anthropogenic particles (APs) with a focus on micro-size within salt marshes of the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE), Argentina, a region exposed to significant urban and industrial pressures. Sediment samples were collected from five sites, comparing vegetated areas with S. alterniflora to adjacent unvegetated mudflats. AP concentrations, particle characteristics (size, color, and shape), and polymer composition were analyzed, alongside plant structural traits such as leaf height, density, and biomass. Results revealed significantly higher AP levels in vegetated sediments compared to unvegetated areas, supporting the hypothesis that S. alterniflora enhances particle retention. Most APs were microfibers with a predominance of blue and black colors. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of semi-synthetic cotton, polyester, polystyrene, and polypropylene, along with anthropogenic pigments, including indigo blue, reactive blue 238, and diarylide azo pigment (yellow 152). Vegetated areas showed greater diversity in particle shapes, color, and compositions. While no correlation was found between AP retention and plant density or biomass, a weak but significant positive relationship emerged with leaf height, suggesting taller canopies may facilitate greater AP deposition. These findings highlight the importance of salt marshes as natural sinks for micropollutants and underscore the relevance of plant morphological traits in modulating contaminant accumulation. The study contributes valuable insights for conservation and management strategies in urbanized estuarine ecosystems affected by anthropogenic pollution.