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<p>Plant-derived essential oils are attractive corrosion inhibitors due to their low cost, availability,::::and eco-friendliness. In this work, essential oil of <i>Zingiber mioga</i> (<i>ZM</i>), obtained by hydro-distillation, was studied as a green inhibitor for mild steel in 1&#xa0;M HCl. The oil was characterized by FTIR and GC–MS, while its inhibition performance was evaluated by gravimetric studies and electrochemical techniques (EIS and PDP). Surface morphology was examined using SEM, SEM–EDS, and FTIR, and density functional theory (DFT) was applied to assess the reactivity of key phytochemicals. Results revealed that inhibition efficiency increased with concentration and reached a maximum at 5&#xa0;g/L (93%). At this concentration, the charge transfer resistance (<i>R</i><sub>ct</sub>) improved from 66.1 Ω&#xa0;cm<sup>2</sup> (blank) to 313.94 Ω&#xa0;cm<sup>2</sup>, and weight-loss studies confirmed a significant reduction in corrosion rate. The inhibition efficiency was observed to decrease with increasing temperature, dropping from 93% at 303&#xa0;K to 77% at 333&#xa0;K. PDP showed mixed-type inhibition with anodic predominance, while adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm (Δ<i>G</i>°<sub>ads</sub> &lt; 20&#xa0;kJ/mol), indicating physisorption. GC–MS identified α-pinene, α-terpineol, and caryophyllene as major components, and DFT confirmed that 2-[4-methyl-6-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)-hexa-1,3,5-trienyl]cyclohex-1-en-1-carboxaldehyde, with Δ<i>E</i> = 5.03&#xa0;eV, was the most active inhibitor. <i>Zingiber mioga</i> essential oil acts as a promising eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor, and future studies should explore its industrial applications and synergistic effects with other natural inhibitors.</p>

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Green corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic media: electrochemical behavior and theoretical studies of Zingiber mioga essential oil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Lalrin Tluangi,
  • Raj Kumar Mishra,
  • Jay Prakash Rajan,
  • Manisha Malviya,
  • Raghvendu Pathak,
  • Ashish Kumar Singh,
  • Rashmi Sehrawat,
  • Dinesh Kumar Sharma,
  • Sunil Kumar Pandey,
  • Bindu Mangla,
  • Ved Prakash Singh

摘要

Plant-derived essential oils are attractive corrosion inhibitors due to their low cost, availability,::::and eco-friendliness. In this work, essential oil of Zingiber mioga (ZM), obtained by hydro-distillation, was studied as a green inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl. The oil was characterized by FTIR and GC–MS, while its inhibition performance was evaluated by gravimetric studies and electrochemical techniques (EIS and PDP). Surface morphology was examined using SEM, SEM–EDS, and FTIR, and density functional theory (DFT) was applied to assess the reactivity of key phytochemicals. Results revealed that inhibition efficiency increased with concentration and reached a maximum at 5 g/L (93%). At this concentration, the charge transfer resistance (Rct) improved from 66.1 Ω cm2 (blank) to 313.94 Ω cm2, and weight-loss studies confirmed a significant reduction in corrosion rate. The inhibition efficiency was observed to decrease with increasing temperature, dropping from 93% at 303 K to 77% at 333 K. PDP showed mixed-type inhibition with anodic predominance, while adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm (ΔG°ads < 20 kJ/mol), indicating physisorption. GC–MS identified α-pinene, α-terpineol, and caryophyllene as major components, and DFT confirmed that 2-[4-methyl-6-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)-hexa-1,3,5-trienyl]cyclohex-1-en-1-carboxaldehyde, with ΔE = 5.03 eV, was the most active inhibitor. Zingiber mioga essential oil acts as a promising eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor, and future studies should explore its industrial applications and synergistic effects with other natural inhibitors.