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<p>Since the 1980s, Ethiopia has implemented watershed Management interventions to halt land degradation and enhance ecosystem service values and Functions. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the impacts of these interventions and associated scenarios on ecosystem service values and functions in the Yezat watershed, Northwest Ethiopia. An integrated valuation method, adapted to Ethiopian conditions, was used to explore changes in ecosystem service values in response to the watershed Management interventions. Various scenarios were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions. The study found that between 1990 and 2000, the ecosystem service values of natural forests, shrub land, and grasslands declined, while those of plantations and cultivated lands increased. The total ecosystem service value also decreased, from US$ 7.09 million in 1990 to US$ 4.82 million in 2000. This decline was primarily due to the reduced coverage of shrub land, grassland, and natural forests. Between 2010 and 2021, however, the ecosystem service values of natural forests, shrub land, grassland, and plantations increased due to the implementation of watershed management interventions, while the value of cultivated land decreased. Total ecosystem service values rose from US$ 4.82 million in 2000 to US$ 6.74 million in 2010, and further to US$ 8.57 million in 2021. This improvement is attributed to soil and water conservation efforts initiated in 2003 through community mobilization. Under the baseline scenario, the estimated total ecosystem service value was US$ 4.82 million, which increased to US$ 9 million under the reforestation scenario. Overall, these interventions not only enhanced the total ecosystem service value but also improved individual ecosystem service functions. The total value of ecosystem service functions increased from US$ 5.3 million in 2000 to US$ 6.7 million in 2010 and US$ 8.6 million in 2021.Therefore, the implementation of watershed management interventions and scenario-based planning demonstrated measurable effectiveness in enhancing both ecosystem service values and functions.</p>

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Estimating the impacts of watershed management interventions and scenarios on ecosystem service values and functions in Yezat Watershed, North West Ethiopia

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • Zemenu Awoke Andualem,
  • Derege Tsegaye Meshesha,
  • Ebrahim Esa Hassen

摘要

Since the 1980s, Ethiopia has implemented watershed Management interventions to halt land degradation and enhance ecosystem service values and Functions. This study aimed to assess and evaluate the impacts of these interventions and associated scenarios on ecosystem service values and functions in the Yezat watershed, Northwest Ethiopia. An integrated valuation method, adapted to Ethiopian conditions, was used to explore changes in ecosystem service values in response to the watershed Management interventions. Various scenarios were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions. The study found that between 1990 and 2000, the ecosystem service values of natural forests, shrub land, and grasslands declined, while those of plantations and cultivated lands increased. The total ecosystem service value also decreased, from US$ 7.09 million in 1990 to US$ 4.82 million in 2000. This decline was primarily due to the reduced coverage of shrub land, grassland, and natural forests. Between 2010 and 2021, however, the ecosystem service values of natural forests, shrub land, grassland, and plantations increased due to the implementation of watershed management interventions, while the value of cultivated land decreased. Total ecosystem service values rose from US$ 4.82 million in 2000 to US$ 6.74 million in 2010, and further to US$ 8.57 million in 2021. This improvement is attributed to soil and water conservation efforts initiated in 2003 through community mobilization. Under the baseline scenario, the estimated total ecosystem service value was US$ 4.82 million, which increased to US$ 9 million under the reforestation scenario. Overall, these interventions not only enhanced the total ecosystem service value but also improved individual ecosystem service functions. The total value of ecosystem service functions increased from US$ 5.3 million in 2000 to US$ 6.7 million in 2010 and US$ 8.6 million in 2021.Therefore, the implementation of watershed management interventions and scenario-based planning demonstrated measurable effectiveness in enhancing both ecosystem service values and functions.