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<p>The frequent and high-dosage applications of fungicide carbendazim in agriculture and food industries is a public health concern owing to its detection in water, soil, air, and food samples. Cockroaches are essential insects that participate in the conservation of the ecosystem functionality. We assessed if the toxic responses to carbendazim exposure in adult lobster cockroach <i>Nauphoeta cinerea</i> (<i>N. cinerea</i>) were reversible. The insects were exposed to 0, 50, and 100&#xa0;µg/L carbendazim in drinking water for 14&#xa0;days followed by a recovery period of 14&#xa0;days without treatment. The locomotor and exploratory deficits caused by carbendazim exposure were reversed at 50&#xa0;µg/L but persisted at 100&#xa0;µg/L after the recovery period. Moreover, anxiety-like behavior characterized by increased episodes and total time of freezing persisted at 100&#xa0;µg/L after cessation of carbendazim treatment. Carbendazim-mediated diminution in acetylcholinesterase activity continued after the recovery period. Apart from superoxide dismutase (midgut), glutathione peroxidase (head), and glutathione S-transferase (head) activities which were not affected by carbendazim exposure, the antioxidant status in midgut and head of the exposed insects was significantly decreased. Carbendazim-mediated increase in nitric oxide level and metabolic enzyme activities, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase, were reversed at 50&#xa0;µg/L but persisted at 100&#xa0;µg/L after the recovery period. The increase in oxidative stress indices in the head and midgut of exposed insects persisted after the recovery period. Altogether, carbendazim-induced neurobehavioral and oxidative damage in adult <i>N. cinerea</i> persisted at elevated concentration during this investigation.</p>

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Acute carbendazim toxicity and recovery effect in midgut and head of non-target adult lobster cockroach (Nauphoeta cinerea)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • Gbemisola T. Oyedele,
  • Adeboye A. Olaseni,
  • Christiana K. Jimoh,
  • Cynthia N. Ikeji,
  • Babajide O. Ajayi,
  • Joao B. T. Rocha,
  • Isaac A. Adedara,
  • Ebenezer O. Farombi

摘要

The frequent and high-dosage applications of fungicide carbendazim in agriculture and food industries is a public health concern owing to its detection in water, soil, air, and food samples. Cockroaches are essential insects that participate in the conservation of the ecosystem functionality. We assessed if the toxic responses to carbendazim exposure in adult lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea (N. cinerea) were reversible. The insects were exposed to 0, 50, and 100 µg/L carbendazim in drinking water for 14 days followed by a recovery period of 14 days without treatment. The locomotor and exploratory deficits caused by carbendazim exposure were reversed at 50 µg/L but persisted at 100 µg/L after the recovery period. Moreover, anxiety-like behavior characterized by increased episodes and total time of freezing persisted at 100 µg/L after cessation of carbendazim treatment. Carbendazim-mediated diminution in acetylcholinesterase activity continued after the recovery period. Apart from superoxide dismutase (midgut), glutathione peroxidase (head), and glutathione S-transferase (head) activities which were not affected by carbendazim exposure, the antioxidant status in midgut and head of the exposed insects was significantly decreased. Carbendazim-mediated increase in nitric oxide level and metabolic enzyme activities, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase, were reversed at 50 µg/L but persisted at 100 µg/L after the recovery period. The increase in oxidative stress indices in the head and midgut of exposed insects persisted after the recovery period. Altogether, carbendazim-induced neurobehavioral and oxidative damage in adult N. cinerea persisted at elevated concentration during this investigation.