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<p>Pharmaceutical compounds have raised significant environmental concerns, due to their persistent and non-biodegradable nature. Addressing their presence in the environment has become a priority, leading to the application of various removal treatment techniques. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) undoubtedly have emerged as highly effective removal techniques, as evidenced by the growing body of work in this area. This review offers an overview of the recent advances in the development of AOPs for treating pharmaceuticals and their by-products. Current trends and discoveries reported in diverse AOP studies have been scrutinized and are presented. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on the use of TiO<sub>2</sub>-mediated photocatalysis, which stands out as one of the most explored AOPs for pharmaceutical remediation. Performance aspects of TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalytic treatment are explored and discussed encompassing both commercially available and synthesized TiO<sub>2</sub>, as well as engineered TiO<sub>2</sub>-based materials (e.g. activated carbon, polymers, metals and non-metals), all aimed at removal of pharmaceutical compounds from the environment. The review concludes by summarizing key findings and offers insights into directions for future research.</p>

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Advanced oxidation process-mediated removal of pharmaceuticals from water: a review of recent advances

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月28日

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  • Devagi Kanakaraju,
  • Beverley D. Glass,
  • Pei Sean Goh

摘要

Pharmaceutical compounds have raised significant environmental concerns, due to their persistent and non-biodegradable nature. Addressing their presence in the environment has become a priority, leading to the application of various removal treatment techniques. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) undoubtedly have emerged as highly effective removal techniques, as evidenced by the growing body of work in this area. This review offers an overview of the recent advances in the development of AOPs for treating pharmaceuticals and their by-products. Current trends and discoveries reported in diverse AOP studies have been scrutinized and are presented. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on the use of TiO2-mediated photocatalysis, which stands out as one of the most explored AOPs for pharmaceutical remediation. Performance aspects of TiO2 photocatalytic treatment are explored and discussed encompassing both commercially available and synthesized TiO2, as well as engineered TiO2-based materials (e.g. activated carbon, polymers, metals and non-metals), all aimed at removal of pharmaceutical compounds from the environment. The review concludes by summarizing key findings and offers insights into directions for future research.