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<p>Novel zinc-terephthalate/xanthan gum/glutamine (Zn-BDC/X/G) adsorbent was fabricated using ferric ions crosslinking gelation method for effective adsorption of Pb<sup>2+</sup> from wastewater. The structure of Zn-BDC/X/G was confirmed using several characterization techniques. Zn-BDC/X/G reveals thermal permanence, advanced textural properties, pH<sub>PZC</sub> at pH 6.8, and 97 nm as TEM particle size. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zn-BDC/X/G was 271.40 mg/g at 25 °C, pH 5, equilibrium time within 60 min, and dosage 1.5 g/L as calculated from the nonlinear Langmuir model. Nonlinear kinetic and isothermal models have accurately described the adsorption process. The impact of ionic strength in Pb<sup>2+</sup> adsorption onto Zn-BDC/X/G at pH 5 appears to be a decrease of removal % by 19 when compared with 1.5&#xa0;mol/L of KCl. Thermodynamic analysis for Pb<sup>2+</sup> adsorption onto Zn-BDC/X/G was endothermic, high randomness at solid–liquid boundary, and spontaneous physisorption process. The best eluent for removing Pb<sup>2+</sup> from the surface of Zn-BDC/X/G is HNO<sub>3</sub>, which provides the highest desorption efficiency percent (99%). Zn-BDC/X/G composite could be reusable with a slight decrease in the removal efficiency by only 3% after eight application cycles. The above results show that Zn-BDC/X/G bio-nanocomposite is a promising, sustainable, and eco-friendly material.</p>

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Tailored glutamine modified zinc-terephthalic acid/xanthan gum composite for improved removal of lead ions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Rehab S. El Shenawy,
  • Ezzat A. El Fadaly,
  • Asaad F. Hassan

摘要

Novel zinc-terephthalate/xanthan gum/glutamine (Zn-BDC/X/G) adsorbent was fabricated using ferric ions crosslinking gelation method for effective adsorption of Pb2+ from wastewater. The structure of Zn-BDC/X/G was confirmed using several characterization techniques. Zn-BDC/X/G reveals thermal permanence, advanced textural properties, pHPZC at pH 6.8, and 97 nm as TEM particle size. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zn-BDC/X/G was 271.40 mg/g at 25 °C, pH 5, equilibrium time within 60 min, and dosage 1.5 g/L as calculated from the nonlinear Langmuir model. Nonlinear kinetic and isothermal models have accurately described the adsorption process. The impact of ionic strength in Pb2+ adsorption onto Zn-BDC/X/G at pH 5 appears to be a decrease of removal % by 19 when compared with 1.5 mol/L of KCl. Thermodynamic analysis for Pb2+ adsorption onto Zn-BDC/X/G was endothermic, high randomness at solid–liquid boundary, and spontaneous physisorption process. The best eluent for removing Pb2+ from the surface of Zn-BDC/X/G is HNO3, which provides the highest desorption efficiency percent (99%). Zn-BDC/X/G composite could be reusable with a slight decrease in the removal efficiency by only 3% after eight application cycles. The above results show that Zn-BDC/X/G bio-nanocomposite is a promising, sustainable, and eco-friendly material.