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<p>The research article appraises the environmental pollution status and health risk assessments associated with heavy metal concentration in the Gadilam (study site I) and Uppanar (study site II) river surface sediments within the quaternary formation, part of Kallakurichi and Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. By analyzing the heavy metal concentration and environmental pollution zone and health risk assessments, the outcome fosters the insights of an intensifying risk to riverine regions and their ecological implications due to anthropogenic activities. Totally 27 sediment samples were collected from study sites I and II to assess the contagion status of the sediments and monitor the riverine environment. Heavy metal (Fe, Al, Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cr) concentrations were determined in surface sediments, addressing the influences arising from anthropogenic activities. To decipher the pollution status, the pollution monitoring indices, like geoaccumulation indices (<i>I</i><sub>geo</sub>), enrichment factor (<i>E</i><sub>f</sub>), contamination factor (<i>C</i><sub>f</sub>), degree of contamination (<i>C</i><sub>d</sub>), and modified degree of contamination (<sub>m</sub><i>C</i><sub>d</sub>), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk indices (PERI), and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) such as mean effects range median quotient (MERMQ), toxic risk index (TRI), and modified hazard quotient (mHQ), were used in the study area. Health hazard assessment stated non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were analyzed for adults and children in study sites I and II. Subsequently, statistical analysis were performed. The outcome possessed the pollution assessment of study site I (location – 05 and 06) and study site II (location—03), which implies that they are extremely polluted and have high potential adverse biological effects. This study emphasized the non-carcinogenic risk assessment of hazard index (HI) for study sites I and II sediments shown to be endangered to adults and children in the surrounding region. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk assessment accounted for no hazards for adults and children in the study site. This study revealed heavy metal contamination in the Cuddalore district, likely arising from industrial effluents, residential wastages, and anthropogenic activities in the surface sediments of riverine environment, and it provide insights into health risk assessment and environmental pollution status to foster the local communities’ awareness and an invaluable dataset to generate environmental safety management measures.</p>

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Assessing the heavy metal contamination and health risks in riverine sediments using multi-index analysis: insights from east coast of Tamil Nadu, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月7日

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  • Baranidharan Sathyanarayanan,
  • Vasudevan Sivaprakasam,
  • Sivaranjan Periyasami,
  • Pravinraj Sambath,
  • Sathiyamoorthy Gunasekaran

摘要

The research article appraises the environmental pollution status and health risk assessments associated with heavy metal concentration in the Gadilam (study site I) and Uppanar (study site II) river surface sediments within the quaternary formation, part of Kallakurichi and Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. By analyzing the heavy metal concentration and environmental pollution zone and health risk assessments, the outcome fosters the insights of an intensifying risk to riverine regions and their ecological implications due to anthropogenic activities. Totally 27 sediment samples were collected from study sites I and II to assess the contagion status of the sediments and monitor the riverine environment. Heavy metal (Fe, Al, Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cr) concentrations were determined in surface sediments, addressing the influences arising from anthropogenic activities. To decipher the pollution status, the pollution monitoring indices, like geoaccumulation indices (Igeo), enrichment factor (Ef), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd), and modified degree of contamination (mCd), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk indices (PERI), and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) such as mean effects range median quotient (MERMQ), toxic risk index (TRI), and modified hazard quotient (mHQ), were used in the study area. Health hazard assessment stated non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were analyzed for adults and children in study sites I and II. Subsequently, statistical analysis were performed. The outcome possessed the pollution assessment of study site I (location – 05 and 06) and study site II (location—03), which implies that they are extremely polluted and have high potential adverse biological effects. This study emphasized the non-carcinogenic risk assessment of hazard index (HI) for study sites I and II sediments shown to be endangered to adults and children in the surrounding region. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk assessment accounted for no hazards for adults and children in the study site. This study revealed heavy metal contamination in the Cuddalore district, likely arising from industrial effluents, residential wastages, and anthropogenic activities in the surface sediments of riverine environment, and it provide insights into health risk assessment and environmental pollution status to foster the local communities’ awareness and an invaluable dataset to generate environmental safety management measures.