<p>Food is one of the most important sources of human exposure to pesticide residues. The analysis of pesticide residues in fruit juices, frequently consumed by adults and children in daily life, is a sensitive issue concerning food safety. In this study, 99 fruit juice samples were collected from markets in Turkey. The Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method was used for the extraction of samples, and residue analyses for 325 pesticides were performed with LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. The health risk assessment of the pesticide residues for children and adults was conducted. The monitoring results showed that about 25% of juice samples contained detectable pesticide residues. Residues of 21 different types of pesticides from the insecticide and fungicide classes were detected in 25 fruit juice samples (peach, apricot, pomegranate, orange, grape, and mixed fruit). Prohibited pesticides (chlorpyrifos, carbendazim, iprodine, and fenvalerate) were detected in nine fruit juices. The pesticide residue amounts detected in fruit juices were lower than the maximum residue limit established by the European Union and the Turkish Food Codex. However, the non-cancer health risk assessment based on the acute health index (aHI) and chronic hazard quotient (HQ) indicates that the consumption of pesticide-contaminated juice poses acute (aHI&gt;1) and chronic (HQ&gt;1) health risks for children and adults. Pesticides detected in fruit juices have increased concerns for children because of the acute and chronic health risks, due to their lower body weight and higher sensitivity compared to adults. Target hazardous quotient (THQ) values for residual pesticides in fruit juice were determined to be lower than 1. However, the hazard index (HI) values were determined to be higher than 1 for adults and children, thus posing an unacceptable risk.</p>

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Occurrence of pesticide residues in fruit juices from markets across Turkey and health risk assessment

  • Senar Aydin,
  • Mehmet Emin Aydin

摘要

Food is one of the most important sources of human exposure to pesticide residues. The analysis of pesticide residues in fruit juices, frequently consumed by adults and children in daily life, is a sensitive issue concerning food safety. In this study, 99 fruit juice samples were collected from markets in Turkey. The Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method was used for the extraction of samples, and residue analyses for 325 pesticides were performed with LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. The health risk assessment of the pesticide residues for children and adults was conducted. The monitoring results showed that about 25% of juice samples contained detectable pesticide residues. Residues of 21 different types of pesticides from the insecticide and fungicide classes were detected in 25 fruit juice samples (peach, apricot, pomegranate, orange, grape, and mixed fruit). Prohibited pesticides (chlorpyrifos, carbendazim, iprodine, and fenvalerate) were detected in nine fruit juices. The pesticide residue amounts detected in fruit juices were lower than the maximum residue limit established by the European Union and the Turkish Food Codex. However, the non-cancer health risk assessment based on the acute health index (aHI) and chronic hazard quotient (HQ) indicates that the consumption of pesticide-contaminated juice poses acute (aHI>1) and chronic (HQ>1) health risks for children and adults. Pesticides detected in fruit juices have increased concerns for children because of the acute and chronic health risks, due to their lower body weight and higher sensitivity compared to adults. Target hazardous quotient (THQ) values for residual pesticides in fruit juice were determined to be lower than 1. However, the hazard index (HI) values were determined to be higher than 1 for adults and children, thus posing an unacceptable risk.