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<p>Crop damage by wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) poses a persistent threat to agriculture in many regions. Although lethal control is widely practiced, its effectiveness remains uncertain due to inconsistent evidence linking population density to damage levels. We examined the relationship between wild boar damage and three density indices—trap-based catch per unit effort (CPUE), gun CPUE, and sightings per unit effort (SPUE)—with a particular focus on how spatial deployment and landscape context influence their performance. Using 16&#xa0;years (2003–2018) of rice insurance data from Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, and official hunting records with over 90% reporting coverage, we found that trap CPUE was most closely aligned with damage patterns, especially after removing long-term trends (<i>r</i> = 0.86). Spatial analysis revealed that traps were preferentially placed near farmland, selectively capturing individuals that frequent human-modified areas. In contrast, gun CPUE and SPUE were weaker predictors, likely due to hunting restrictions near areas of human activity (e.g., farmland). These findings indicate that trap CPUE functions not only as a population index but also as a behavioral and spatial filter that highlights high-risk subpopulations in agricultural landscapes. Incorporating such targeted indices into wildlife management strategies could improve the precision and cost-effectiveness of crop protection efforts.</p>

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Trap-based catch rates as a targeted indicator of problem wild boars in agricultural landscapes: insights from 16 years of insurance records

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月13日

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  • Takeshi Honda,
  • Mitsui Natsuki,
  • ZhaoWen Jiang

摘要

Crop damage by wild boar (Sus scrofa) poses a persistent threat to agriculture in many regions. Although lethal control is widely practiced, its effectiveness remains uncertain due to inconsistent evidence linking population density to damage levels. We examined the relationship between wild boar damage and three density indices—trap-based catch per unit effort (CPUE), gun CPUE, and sightings per unit effort (SPUE)—with a particular focus on how spatial deployment and landscape context influence their performance. Using 16 years (2003–2018) of rice insurance data from Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, and official hunting records with over 90% reporting coverage, we found that trap CPUE was most closely aligned with damage patterns, especially after removing long-term trends (r = 0.86). Spatial analysis revealed that traps were preferentially placed near farmland, selectively capturing individuals that frequent human-modified areas. In contrast, gun CPUE and SPUE were weaker predictors, likely due to hunting restrictions near areas of human activity (e.g., farmland). These findings indicate that trap CPUE functions not only as a population index but also as a behavioral and spatial filter that highlights high-risk subpopulations in agricultural landscapes. Incorporating such targeted indices into wildlife management strategies could improve the precision and cost-effectiveness of crop protection efforts.