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Background <p>Selective diffusion of different types of particles is desirable in multiple modern chemical and biological technologies. However, distinguishing the transport of particles with similar physical, chemical, or geometrical properties is challenging because their transport behavior is governed by nearly identical thermodynamic and kinetic conditions within the host medium.</p> Objective <p>Existing efforts to achieve the selective diffusion of particles include size filtration by the mesh of polymeric networks or by specific chemical interactions through dynamic bonds. However, these approaches rely on pronounced differences in particle size or affinity. This study aims to explore ultrasound excitation as an engineering space to enhance nanoparticle selectivity through dynamic control of mechano-diffusion in polymer networks.</p> Methods <p>We developed an ultrasound diffusion characterization platform (UDCP) to systematically observe and analyze the diffusion behavior of particles. By leveraging a model particle-hydrogel system and the ultrasound excitation, we generated tunable acoustic fields that impose cyclic mechanical perturbations on the polymer network and the embedded particles.</p> Results <p>Through the UDCP, we characterized the diffusion of various molecules with different sizes under various stretches of the hydrogel media and different ultrasonic power levels. For the individual kind of particles, the low- and intermediate-power ultrasonic stimulations can enhance the diffusion across all sizes, while the high-power ultrasound can induce a non-monotonic trend of diffusion profile due to polymer network damage. For two types of particles, ultrasonic stimulation can enable strong particle diffusion selectivity under moderate power levels.</p> Conclusion <p>Ultrasound stimulations amplify the particle diffusion selectivity in a non-invasive approach, which can be utilized as an ideal method to achieve the selective diffusion of broad classes of particles, forming universal applications of ultrasound in drug delivery, chemical remediation, and in-situ biosensing.</p>

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Ultrasound-Mediated Nanoparticle Selectivity in Stretchable Hydrogels

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • C. Ye,
  • T. H. Wong,
  • Y. Zheng,
  • R. Lu,
  • J. Ma,
  • S. Lin

摘要

Background

Selective diffusion of different types of particles is desirable in multiple modern chemical and biological technologies. However, distinguishing the transport of particles with similar physical, chemical, or geometrical properties is challenging because their transport behavior is governed by nearly identical thermodynamic and kinetic conditions within the host medium.

Objective

Existing efforts to achieve the selective diffusion of particles include size filtration by the mesh of polymeric networks or by specific chemical interactions through dynamic bonds. However, these approaches rely on pronounced differences in particle size or affinity. This study aims to explore ultrasound excitation as an engineering space to enhance nanoparticle selectivity through dynamic control of mechano-diffusion in polymer networks.

Methods

We developed an ultrasound diffusion characterization platform (UDCP) to systematically observe and analyze the diffusion behavior of particles. By leveraging a model particle-hydrogel system and the ultrasound excitation, we generated tunable acoustic fields that impose cyclic mechanical perturbations on the polymer network and the embedded particles.

Results

Through the UDCP, we characterized the diffusion of various molecules with different sizes under various stretches of the hydrogel media and different ultrasonic power levels. For the individual kind of particles, the low- and intermediate-power ultrasonic stimulations can enhance the diffusion across all sizes, while the high-power ultrasound can induce a non-monotonic trend of diffusion profile due to polymer network damage. For two types of particles, ultrasonic stimulation can enable strong particle diffusion selectivity under moderate power levels.

Conclusion

Ultrasound stimulations amplify the particle diffusion selectivity in a non-invasive approach, which can be utilized as an ideal method to achieve the selective diffusion of broad classes of particles, forming universal applications of ultrasound in drug delivery, chemical remediation, and in-situ biosensing.