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Background <p>Inertial cavitation near soft material interfaces generates highly asymmetric bubble dynamics, intense stress localization, and complex fluid–structure interactions. However, the subsurface deformation fields within soft solids remain poorly resolved due to limitations in ultrafast, full-field measurement techniques.</p> Objective <p>This study aims to quantify the spatiotemporal deformation of soft hydrogels during laser-induced inertial cavitation near a gel–water interface.</p> Methods <p>We integrate single-pulse laser-induced inertial cavitation, an embedded internal Digital Image Correlation (DIC) speckle patterning method, and DIC to resolve <i>in situ</i>, full-field subsurface kinematics at 1–2 million frames per second.</p> Results <p>Among all the tested different non-dimensional stand-off distances, four distinct cavitation–interface interaction regimes are identified, spanning symmetric bulk-like oscillations to strongly asymmetric collapses accompanied by interface indentation, jet reversal, and bubble penetration. Full-field measurements reveal stagnation points, vortex-like deformation patterns, and large localized strains that depend on the non-dimensional bubble stand-off distance.</p> Conclusions <p>This work establishes an experimental framework for quantifying inertial cavitation dynamics near a compliant gel–water interface. Using ultrafast imaging and DIC, we captured full-field deformation, strain localization, and jet formation across a wide range of stand-off distances near gel–water interfaces.</p>

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Inertial Interface Cavitation Creates Complex, Flow-Like Structures Within a Soft Solid

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • J. Yang,
  • A. McGhee,
  • Z. Tong,
  • G. Radtke,
  • M. Rodriguez Jr.,
  • C. Franck

摘要

Background

Inertial cavitation near soft material interfaces generates highly asymmetric bubble dynamics, intense stress localization, and complex fluid–structure interactions. However, the subsurface deformation fields within soft solids remain poorly resolved due to limitations in ultrafast, full-field measurement techniques.

Objective

This study aims to quantify the spatiotemporal deformation of soft hydrogels during laser-induced inertial cavitation near a gel–water interface.

Methods

We integrate single-pulse laser-induced inertial cavitation, an embedded internal Digital Image Correlation (DIC) speckle patterning method, and DIC to resolve in situ, full-field subsurface kinematics at 1–2 million frames per second.

Results

Among all the tested different non-dimensional stand-off distances, four distinct cavitation–interface interaction regimes are identified, spanning symmetric bulk-like oscillations to strongly asymmetric collapses accompanied by interface indentation, jet reversal, and bubble penetration. Full-field measurements reveal stagnation points, vortex-like deformation patterns, and large localized strains that depend on the non-dimensional bubble stand-off distance.

Conclusions

This work establishes an experimental framework for quantifying inertial cavitation dynamics near a compliant gel–water interface. Using ultrafast imaging and DIC, we captured full-field deformation, strain localization, and jet formation across a wide range of stand-off distances near gel–water interfaces.