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Purpose <p>The rising prevalence of obesity, largely due to high-fat diets (HFD), is associated with the onset of various behavioral and physiologic disorders, including increased anxiety, inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR). Aerobic exercise (AE) has shown promise in ameliorating these adverse effects. This study aims to compare the efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in improving obesity-induced anxiety, social deficits, and biochemical markers such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), corticosterone (CORT), and peripheral IR in male mice.</p> Methods <p>Forty four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to one of two dietary groups: normal diet (CTRL, <i>n</i> = 10) or high-fat diet (HFD, <i>n</i> = 30). The HFD group was further subdivided into three experimental conditions: HFD (<i>n</i> = 10), HFD + MICT (<i>n</i> = 10), and HFD + HIIT (<i>n</i> = 10).</p> Results <p>HFD consumption led to significant behavioral alterations, including reduced social preference (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and increased anxiety levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 in the open arm, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 in the closed arm). Both HIIT and MICT alleviated these negative effects (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 in social preference and closed arm, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 in open arm). In addition, AE significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, CORT, and peripheral IR levels, all elevated by HFD consumption (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Although HIIT demonstrated a slightly more pronounced effect on reducing anxiety and behavioral deficits compared to MICT, this difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>These findings indicate that both HIIT and MICT effectively mitigate obesity-induced behavioral and physiologic impairments, particularly through the reduction of IL-1β, CORT, and peripheral IR levels. This study highlights the potential of structured AE to alleviate the neurobehavioral and physiologic dysregulation associated with obesity, underscoring its relevance in addressing the growing obesity epidemic.</p>

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Differential impacts of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on obesity-induced behavioral and biochemical dysregulation in male mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月4日

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  • Hossein Nazari,
  • Ayoob Sabaghi,
  • Ershad Nedaei,
  • Namdar Yousofvand

摘要

Purpose

The rising prevalence of obesity, largely due to high-fat diets (HFD), is associated with the onset of various behavioral and physiologic disorders, including increased anxiety, inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR). Aerobic exercise (AE) has shown promise in ameliorating these adverse effects. This study aims to compare the efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in improving obesity-induced anxiety, social deficits, and biochemical markers such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), corticosterone (CORT), and peripheral IR in male mice.

Methods

Forty four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to one of two dietary groups: normal diet (CTRL, n = 10) or high-fat diet (HFD, n = 30). The HFD group was further subdivided into three experimental conditions: HFD (n = 10), HFD + MICT (n = 10), and HFD + HIIT (n = 10).

Results

HFD consumption led to significant behavioral alterations, including reduced social preference (p < 0.001) and increased anxiety levels (p < 0.05 in the open arm, p < 0.001 in the closed arm). Both HIIT and MICT alleviated these negative effects (p < 0.001 in social preference and closed arm, p < 0.05 in open arm). In addition, AE significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, CORT, and peripheral IR levels, all elevated by HFD consumption (p < 0.001). Although HIIT demonstrated a slightly more pronounced effect on reducing anxiety and behavioral deficits compared to MICT, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

These findings indicate that both HIIT and MICT effectively mitigate obesity-induced behavioral and physiologic impairments, particularly through the reduction of IL-1β, CORT, and peripheral IR levels. This study highlights the potential of structured AE to alleviate the neurobehavioral and physiologic dysregulation associated with obesity, underscoring its relevance in addressing the growing obesity epidemic.