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<p>Starch synthase (SS) is the primary catalytic enzyme responsible for starch biosynthesis in plants and plays a pivotal regulatory role in stress response mechanisms. Although genome-wide identification and functional characterization of SS gene family members have been explored in various plant species, systematic investigation of SS gene family is still lacking in Rosaceae. In this study, 82 SS genes were identified from the eight Rosaceae species and divided into five branches based on structural characteristics, conserved motifs, and phylogenetic analysis. Purification selection is a key factor influencing the evolution of SS genes, with the recent occurrence of a whole-genome duplication event as the predominant driving force that expanded the SS gene family within the Maloideae subfamily. Expression analysis identified some <i>PbrSS</i> genes that were highly expressed in leaf, fruit, and stem, and exhibited diverse spatiotemporal expression patterns in pear. In particular, the expression levels of <i>PbrSSI-2</i>, <i>PbrSSIII-1</i>, and <i>PbrGBSS-3</i> were significantly elevated under heat stress conditions. Virus-induced gene silencing experiments demonstrated that PbrGBSS3 significantly enhanced the heat tolerance of pear seedlings by regulating the biosynthesis of amylose and resistant starch. Investigating the SS gene family provides a comprehensive understanding of gene evolution, expression patterns, and functional characteristics in Rosaceae, which not only provides a theoretical foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of plant starch metabolism, but also provides valuable candidate gene resources for molecular breeding strategies to enhance stress tolerance in horticultural crops.</p>

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Genome-wide identification of starch synthase in eight rosaceae species and functional validation of PbrGBSS3-mediated heat tolerance in Pear

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Guodong Chen,
  • Weitao Xiao,
  • Jia Gao,
  • Jizhong Wang,
  • Juyou Wu

摘要

Starch synthase (SS) is the primary catalytic enzyme responsible for starch biosynthesis in plants and plays a pivotal regulatory role in stress response mechanisms. Although genome-wide identification and functional characterization of SS gene family members have been explored in various plant species, systematic investigation of SS gene family is still lacking in Rosaceae. In this study, 82 SS genes were identified from the eight Rosaceae species and divided into five branches based on structural characteristics, conserved motifs, and phylogenetic analysis. Purification selection is a key factor influencing the evolution of SS genes, with the recent occurrence of a whole-genome duplication event as the predominant driving force that expanded the SS gene family within the Maloideae subfamily. Expression analysis identified some PbrSS genes that were highly expressed in leaf, fruit, and stem, and exhibited diverse spatiotemporal expression patterns in pear. In particular, the expression levels of PbrSSI-2, PbrSSIII-1, and PbrGBSS-3 were significantly elevated under heat stress conditions. Virus-induced gene silencing experiments demonstrated that PbrGBSS3 significantly enhanced the heat tolerance of pear seedlings by regulating the biosynthesis of amylose and resistant starch. Investigating the SS gene family provides a comprehensive understanding of gene evolution, expression patterns, and functional characteristics in Rosaceae, which not only provides a theoretical foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of plant starch metabolism, but also provides valuable candidate gene resources for molecular breeding strategies to enhance stress tolerance in horticultural crops.