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<p>Plant waxes, primarily composed of fatty acids and glycerol, serve as vital barriers to minimize water loss and protect pear fruits from pathogen infections. In ‘Dangshansuli’, the outer pericarp develops a wax layer that peaks in concentration during the later stages of fruit maturation. Conversely, in ‘Dangshanjinsu’, a russet mutant, the outer epidermis accumulates suberin instead of wax, with suberin content increasing as ripening progresses, accompanied by a decline in wax levels. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthase (LACS), a key enzyme within the acyl-activating enzyme family, contributes to the biosynthesis of ultra-long-chain fatty acids crucial for wax formation. Nevertheless, the role of <i>PbrLACS</i> in the exocarp of ’Dangshanjinsu’ remains inadequately understood. In this study, we identified 67 <i>PbrLACS</i> genes in the ‘Dangshansuli’ genome, categorized into four distinct subfamilies. Our motif analysis showed the presence of seven conserved motifs, which displayed similar lengths and distribution patterns. Notably, several <i>PbrLACS</i> genes were found in close proximity near chromosome ends, suggesting potential tandem duplications that may have contributed to the species’ biological diversity and adaptability. During the color transition phase of fruit development, <i>PbrLACS2</i> expression was markedly lower in the exocarp of ‘Dangshanjinsu’ than in ‘Dangshansuli’, with similar patterns observed in other tissues such as flowers, leaves, and pedicels. These findings suggest that <i>PbrLACS2</i> is involved in wax biosynthesis. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that <i>PbrLACS2</i> is situated within the cell membrane, indicating a potential role in transporting fatty acids to the endoplasmic reticulum. In transgenic <i>Arabidopsis</i> <i>thaliana</i> lines expressing <i>PbrLACS2</i>, we observed increased surface water retention on leaves, likely resulting from enhanced wax deposition. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed a rise in wax content in stem tissues, accompanied by a reduction in suberin levels, highlighting the unique properties of <i>PbrLACS2</i>. These results underscore the functional significance of <i>PbrLACS2</i> in the exocarp of ‘Dangshanjinsu’, contributing to our understanding of its role in wax biosynthesis and its potential effects on water retention in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.</p>

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Characterization of the PbrLACS2 in pear and role in wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月9日

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  • Xiexuan Wang,
  • Xueqian Wang,
  • Xiaonan Chen,
  • Lingxia Chen,
  • Lindong Dou,
  • Jinhui Yu,
  • Jie Deng,
  • Zixiao Wu,
  • Jintong Hu,
  • Wei Wu,
  • Zhenfeng Ye,
  • Wei Heng

摘要

Plant waxes, primarily composed of fatty acids and glycerol, serve as vital barriers to minimize water loss and protect pear fruits from pathogen infections. In ‘Dangshansuli’, the outer pericarp develops a wax layer that peaks in concentration during the later stages of fruit maturation. Conversely, in ‘Dangshanjinsu’, a russet mutant, the outer epidermis accumulates suberin instead of wax, with suberin content increasing as ripening progresses, accompanied by a decline in wax levels. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthase (LACS), a key enzyme within the acyl-activating enzyme family, contributes to the biosynthesis of ultra-long-chain fatty acids crucial for wax formation. Nevertheless, the role of PbrLACS in the exocarp of ’Dangshanjinsu’ remains inadequately understood. In this study, we identified 67 PbrLACS genes in the ‘Dangshansuli’ genome, categorized into four distinct subfamilies. Our motif analysis showed the presence of seven conserved motifs, which displayed similar lengths and distribution patterns. Notably, several PbrLACS genes were found in close proximity near chromosome ends, suggesting potential tandem duplications that may have contributed to the species’ biological diversity and adaptability. During the color transition phase of fruit development, PbrLACS2 expression was markedly lower in the exocarp of ‘Dangshanjinsu’ than in ‘Dangshansuli’, with similar patterns observed in other tissues such as flowers, leaves, and pedicels. These findings suggest that PbrLACS2 is involved in wax biosynthesis. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that PbrLACS2 is situated within the cell membrane, indicating a potential role in transporting fatty acids to the endoplasmic reticulum. In transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana lines expressing PbrLACS2, we observed increased surface water retention on leaves, likely resulting from enhanced wax deposition. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed a rise in wax content in stem tissues, accompanied by a reduction in suberin levels, highlighting the unique properties of PbrLACS2. These results underscore the functional significance of PbrLACS2 in the exocarp of ‘Dangshanjinsu’, contributing to our understanding of its role in wax biosynthesis and its potential effects on water retention in Arabidopsis.