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<p>This work introduces a resilient receiver design for Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing (AFDM) systems in MIMO-based, time- and frequency-selective wireless channels. The receiver employs a Minimum Mean Square Error–Decision Feedback Equalizer (MMSE-DFE) to effectively mitigate the distortions introduced by delay and Doppler spread, which are prevalent in fast-varying and multipath-rich environments. The performance of the proposed AFDM scheme is systematically evaluated and compared against traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) under a range of impairments. Simulations demonstrate a marked improvement in Bit Error Rate (BER) and data throughput across several scenarios. For example, with five multipath components and a 5% Doppler estimation error at 20 dB SNR, AFDM achieves a BER of 5.78 × 10⁻⁴, whereas OFDM yields 2.65 × 10⁻³. At 15 dB SNR and a 10% Doppler mismatch in a more complex ten-path channel, the AFDM system sustains 62.55 Mbps throughput, surpassing OFDM’s 61.06 Mbps. Even in extreme conditions with 15% Doppler mismatch and 15 scattering paths, AFDM remains robust with acceptable BER levels, while OFDM experiences a substantial performance drop. These outcomes validate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed AFDM-MMSE-DFE framework for future dynamic wireless scenarios.</p>

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Enhanced AFDM Using MMSE-DFE Equalization in Dynamic Multipath Scenarios

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Khaled Ramadan

摘要

This work introduces a resilient receiver design for Affine Frequency Division Multiplexing (AFDM) systems in MIMO-based, time- and frequency-selective wireless channels. The receiver employs a Minimum Mean Square Error–Decision Feedback Equalizer (MMSE-DFE) to effectively mitigate the distortions introduced by delay and Doppler spread, which are prevalent in fast-varying and multipath-rich environments. The performance of the proposed AFDM scheme is systematically evaluated and compared against traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) under a range of impairments. Simulations demonstrate a marked improvement in Bit Error Rate (BER) and data throughput across several scenarios. For example, with five multipath components and a 5% Doppler estimation error at 20 dB SNR, AFDM achieves a BER of 5.78 × 10⁻⁴, whereas OFDM yields 2.65 × 10⁻³. At 15 dB SNR and a 10% Doppler mismatch in a more complex ten-path channel, the AFDM system sustains 62.55 Mbps throughput, surpassing OFDM’s 61.06 Mbps. Even in extreme conditions with 15% Doppler mismatch and 15 scattering paths, AFDM remains robust with acceptable BER levels, while OFDM experiences a substantial performance drop. These outcomes validate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed AFDM-MMSE-DFE framework for future dynamic wireless scenarios.