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<p>This paper presents the design and experimental validation of a super-wideband (25–43&#xa0;GHz) four-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G millimetre-wave (mm-Wave) advanced wireless systems. The proposed structure is fabricated on a Rogers RT/Duroid<sup>®</sup> 5880 substrate (ε<sub>r</sub>​ = 2.2, thickness = 0.8&#xa0;mm) with an overall size of 26 × 26 × 0.8&#xa0;mm³. Each modified rectangular monopole radiator undergoes a four-stage design evolution incorporating slit loading, parasitic stub, edge-slot modifications, and a centrally etched flower-shaped parasitic stub to enhance impedance bandwidth and inter-element isolation. The optimized configuration achieves broadband impedance matching (|S<sub>11</sub>| &lt; − 10 dB) across a frequency range of 25–43&#xa0;GHz, with modes distributed across the entire super-wideband region. Specifically, strong impedance resonances are observed at 26.5&#xa0;GHz, 29.8&#xa0;GHz, 33.2&#xa0;GHz, 37.6&#xa0;GHz, and 41.8&#xa0;GHz, corresponding to the successive excitation of the modified monopole, slit-loaded edges, parasitic stubs, and the centrally etched flower-shaped parasitic structure. Among these, the strongest resonance occurs near 33.2&#xa0;GHz, where the reflection coefficient reaches a minimum of − 44 dB, indicating enhanced impedance matching (up to − 44 dB) and isolation levels exceeding 22 dB to 40 dB over most of the band, with specific frequencies surpassing − 40 dB. The antenna demonstrates polarisation purity with cross-polarization suppression and stable radiation characteristics. Diversity performance evaluation confirms a diversity gain above 9.999 dB, a mean effective gain between − 3.0 dB and − 3.2 dB, and a channel capacity loss below 0.003 bits/sec/Hz over the entire operational band. Measured results closely match simulated predictions, validating the proposed design as a compact, high-isolation, and super-wideband solution for next-generation 5G mm-Wave MIMO communication systems and beyond.</p>

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Super-Wide Band (25–43 GHz), 4-Element MIMO Antenna with High Diversity for 5G Mm Wave Advanced Wireless System Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Tathababu Addepalli,
  • Gangavarapu Venkata Satya Kumar,
  • S. Saradha Rani,
  • Lalitha Bhavani Konkyana,
  • Manumula Srinubabu,
  • G. Chandraiah,
  • M. Balaji,
  • Prasanthi badugu

摘要

This paper presents the design and experimental validation of a super-wideband (25–43 GHz) four-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G millimetre-wave (mm-Wave) advanced wireless systems. The proposed structure is fabricated on a Rogers RT/Duroid® 5880 substrate (εr​ = 2.2, thickness = 0.8 mm) with an overall size of 26 × 26 × 0.8 mm³. Each modified rectangular monopole radiator undergoes a four-stage design evolution incorporating slit loading, parasitic stub, edge-slot modifications, and a centrally etched flower-shaped parasitic stub to enhance impedance bandwidth and inter-element isolation. The optimized configuration achieves broadband impedance matching (|S11| < − 10 dB) across a frequency range of 25–43 GHz, with modes distributed across the entire super-wideband region. Specifically, strong impedance resonances are observed at 26.5 GHz, 29.8 GHz, 33.2 GHz, 37.6 GHz, and 41.8 GHz, corresponding to the successive excitation of the modified monopole, slit-loaded edges, parasitic stubs, and the centrally etched flower-shaped parasitic structure. Among these, the strongest resonance occurs near 33.2 GHz, where the reflection coefficient reaches a minimum of − 44 dB, indicating enhanced impedance matching (up to − 44 dB) and isolation levels exceeding 22 dB to 40 dB over most of the band, with specific frequencies surpassing − 40 dB. The antenna demonstrates polarisation purity with cross-polarization suppression and stable radiation characteristics. Diversity performance evaluation confirms a diversity gain above 9.999 dB, a mean effective gain between − 3.0 dB and − 3.2 dB, and a channel capacity loss below 0.003 bits/sec/Hz over the entire operational band. Measured results closely match simulated predictions, validating the proposed design as a compact, high-isolation, and super-wideband solution for next-generation 5G mm-Wave MIMO communication systems and beyond.