<p>As a foundational pillar of Industry 4.0, cloud computing has propelled the integration, storage, and processing of large-scale heterogeneous data. However, its development still faces significant challenges, with the primary concern being the widening gap between the rapid growth of cloud computing and the evolution of corresponding security technologies. Traditional methods predominantly address isolated threats, lacking comprehensive correlation analysis capabilities. In contrast, network situation awareness offers a more proactive method to cloud computing security. By facilitating global assessments of network security and forecasting potential risks, it has emerged as an effective solution to the security challenges faced by cloud computing. Therefore, we reviewed recent advancements in cloud computing security from the network situation awareness perspective. First, we introduce an innovative classification methodology based on cognitive-driven, segmenting network situation awareness to cloud computing security in Industry 4.0 into four core modules: situation element extraction, situation awareness, situation understanding, and situation projection. Next, we divide network situation awareness technologies to cloud computing security into three critical domains based on technical methods and core strategies: edge computing, mathematical modeling, and uncertainty situation reasoning. Further, from the data integration platform security perspective, we have divided the application of network situation awareness to cloud computing security into four primary research areas: cloud platform, enterprise, security management platform, and cross-cloud domain. Finally, we summarize unresolved challenges in existing studies and outlines future research directions.</p>