Underwater source localization at multiple uniform linear array sonars with heterogeneous sensor position errors
摘要
This research addresses Multiple Uniform Linear Array sonars (MULA), where each Uniform Linear Array sonar (ULA) has several signal receivers that exist along a linear array. Using the receiver measurements, each ULA measures the conical angle of signal emanated from a 3D source. We consider the realistic case where the conical angle measurement noise can increase as one increases the distance between the source and a ULA. This paper considers a scenario where a ULA is attached to the body of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). All AUVs are sparsely deployed at various sea depths, and they are connected utilizing multi-hop communication links. All AUVs perform station-keeping maneuvers for measuring a 3D source signal. One cannot use Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for localization of an underwater ULA. Due to sea currents, the location error of a ULA can increase as time goes on. It is assumed that the upper bound for location error of a ULA is known in advance. Considering the error upper bound, this research derives a 3D source localization based on a neural network, which is trained utilizing virtual measurements at various viable source positions. Since using a neural network does not require an initial source position guess, the proposed localization method is suitable for target localization in a workspace which is extremely large. To the best of our knowledge, our research is novel in addressing a 3D source localization based on conical angle measurements of MULA. In addition, this study is novel in computing a 3D source localization utilizing multiple ULAs with heterogeneous sensor position errors. The outperformance of the proposed 3D source localization scheme is demonstrated under computer experiments.