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<p>Small sensors that are installed to monitor situations and forecast outcomes make up a wireless sensor network (WSN). The WSN has many uses, including monitoring pollution, tracking vehicle movements, and medical care systems. Air pollution endangers human life. People moving in huge numbers to cities, shifting purchasing habits, and unsustainable urbanization and industrialization expansion all contribute to air pollution. To prevent pollution levels, it is crucial to periodically monitor dangerous gas levels. However, due to their short lifetimes and high consumption of energy in their nodes, WSNs present a difficulty for integration to air pollution monitoring systems. Consequently, sensor node energy scarcity, sensor data interchange, and routing protocols are the core problems of WSN. This research suggests an optimised energy-efficient protocol E<sup>2</sup>R<sup>2</sup>D<sup>2</sup> employing the FFBP technique to choose the best path to send air pollution data values. An efficient threshold value for choosing the best route using the FFBP method is provided by this protocol that improves network lifetime and connectivity in order to address the aforementioned drawbacks. Thus, our study approach is very energy-efficient and effective in increasing the packet delivery rate and network lifetime of SNs. Experimental outperform defines that the suggested strategy has a 6.8% longer network lifetime.</p>

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E2R2D2: energy-efficient robust routing and data distribution protocol in wireless air pollution monitoring system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Ekta Dixit,
  • Shalli Rani

摘要

Small sensors that are installed to monitor situations and forecast outcomes make up a wireless sensor network (WSN). The WSN has many uses, including monitoring pollution, tracking vehicle movements, and medical care systems. Air pollution endangers human life. People moving in huge numbers to cities, shifting purchasing habits, and unsustainable urbanization and industrialization expansion all contribute to air pollution. To prevent pollution levels, it is crucial to periodically monitor dangerous gas levels. However, due to their short lifetimes and high consumption of energy in their nodes, WSNs present a difficulty for integration to air pollution monitoring systems. Consequently, sensor node energy scarcity, sensor data interchange, and routing protocols are the core problems of WSN. This research suggests an optimised energy-efficient protocol E2R2D2 employing the FFBP technique to choose the best path to send air pollution data values. An efficient threshold value for choosing the best route using the FFBP method is provided by this protocol that improves network lifetime and connectivity in order to address the aforementioned drawbacks. Thus, our study approach is very energy-efficient and effective in increasing the packet delivery rate and network lifetime of SNs. Experimental outperform defines that the suggested strategy has a 6.8% longer network lifetime.